From 6f13f976745c56a4cfc4c3797ec59aa594368af1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 17:33:01 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 01/22] Use mutating loop instead of array_map

---
 Parsedown.php | 13 +++++--------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 5baf6ab..153fb85 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1190,14 +1190,11 @@ class Parsedown
         $InlineText = $this->inlineText($text);
         $Elements[] = $InlineText['element'];
 
-        $Elements = array_map(
-            function ($Element) {
-                $Element['autobreak'] = isset($Element['autobreak'])
-                    ? $Element['autobreak'] : false;
-                return $Element;
-            },
-            $Elements
-        );
+        foreach ($Elements as &$Element)
+        {
+            $Element['autobreak'] = isset($Element['autobreak'])
+                ? $Element['autobreak'] : false;
+        }
 
         return $Elements;
     }

From f2327023c14170047217f2bad9f7fcdf91426f61 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 17:38:09 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 02/22] No need to unset if not set

---
 Parsedown.php | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 153fb85..6dbca0e 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1597,9 +1597,9 @@ class Parsedown
             {
                 $Element = $this->handle($Element);
             }
-        }
 
-        unset($Element['handler']);
+            unset($Element['handler']);
+        }
 
         return $Element;
     }

From 90ad738933e3468374545da0fe331620943800af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 20:37:36 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 03/22] General readability

---
 Parsedown.php | 16 +++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 6dbca0e..f7d0a27 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1105,7 +1105,7 @@ class Parsedown
     # ~
     #
 
-    public function line($text, $nonNestables=array())
+    public function line($text, $nonNestables = array())
     {
         return $this->elements($this->lineElements($text, $nonNestables));
     }
@@ -1156,9 +1156,9 @@ class Parsedown
 
                 # cause the new element to 'inherit' our non nestables
 
-                foreach ($nonNestables as $non_nestable)
+                foreach ($nonNestables as $nonNestable)
                 {
-                    $Inline['element']['nonNestables'][] = $non_nestable;
+                    $Inline['element']['nonNestables'][] = $nonNestable;
                 }
 
                 # the text that comes before the inline
@@ -1192,8 +1192,10 @@ class Parsedown
 
         foreach ($Elements as &$Element)
         {
-            $Element['autobreak'] = isset($Element['autobreak'])
-                ? $Element['autobreak'] : false;
+            if ( ! isset($Element['autobreak']))
+            {
+                $Element['autobreak'] = false;
+            }
         }
 
         return $Elements;
@@ -1763,8 +1765,8 @@ class Parsedown
                 continue;
             }
 
-            $autoBreakNext = (isset($Element['autobreak']) && $Element['autobreak']
-                || ! isset($Element['autobreak']) && isset($Element['name'])
+            $autoBreakNext = (isset($Element['autobreak'])
+                ? $Element['autobreak'] : isset($Element['name'])
             );
             // (autobreak === false) covers both sides of an element
             $autoBreak = !$autoBreak ? $autoBreak : $autoBreakNext;

From 70f5c02d47818c8ea033984b39d26988771dca45 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 20:38:21 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 04/22] Use non-nestable values as keys for O(1) lookup

---
 Parsedown.php | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index f7d0a27..62cbf5a 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1114,6 +1114,8 @@ class Parsedown
     {
         $Elements = array();
 
+        $nonNestables = array_combine($nonNestables, $nonNestables);
+
         # $excerpt is based on the first occurrence of a marker
 
         while ($excerpt = strpbrk($text, $this->inlineMarkerList))
@@ -1128,7 +1130,7 @@ class Parsedown
             {
                 # check to see if the current inline type is nestable in the current context
 
-                if ( ! empty($nonNestables) and in_array($inlineType, $nonNestables))
+                if (isset($nonNestables[$inlineType]))
                 {
                     continue;
                 }

From dc5cf8770b536e2d92747c558666c51569fe2b2a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 20:39:20 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 05/22] The AST has high complexity here (and so traversal is
 hard anyway) We gain quite a bit of a speed boost by working with text here
 since this is a very common function

---
 Parsedown.php | 26 +++++++-------------------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 62cbf5a..438e39e 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1211,32 +1211,20 @@ class Parsedown
     {
         $Inline = array(
             'extent' => strlen($text),
-            'element' => array(
-                'elements' => array(),
-            ),
+            'element' => array(),
         );
 
+        $safeText = self::escape($text, true);
+
         if ($this->breaksEnabled)
         {
-            $Inline['element']['elements'] = self::pregReplaceElements(
-                '/[ ]*\n/',
-                array(
-                    array('name' => 'br'),
-                    array('text' => "\n"),
-                ),
-                $text
-            );
+            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/[ ]*\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
+            $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
         }
         else
         {
-            $Inline['element']['elements'] = self::pregReplaceElements(
-                '/(?:[ ][ ]+|[ ]*\\\\)\n/',
-                array(
-                    array('name' => 'br'),
-                    array('text' => "\n"),
-                ),
-                $text
-            );
+            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/(?:[ ][ ]+|[ ]*\\\\)\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
+            $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
         }
 
         return $Inline;

From d6e306d62044c7731317ec2670a30842d13358d9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 20:43:14 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 06/22] Optimise commonly used regexes to fail fast

---
 Parsedown.php | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 438e39e..2e61f0f 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1218,12 +1218,12 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if ($this->breaksEnabled)
         {
-            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/[ ]*\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
+            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/[ ]*+\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
             $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
         }
         else
         {
-            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/(?:[ ][ ]+|[ ]*\\\\)\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
+            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/(?:[ ]*+\\\\|[ ]{2,}+)\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
             $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
         }
 

From d4f1ac465c2f0abc371fd8d200ceae245a181969 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 21:24:45 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 07/22] String interpolation is slightly faster than concat

---
 Parsedown.php | 36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 2e61f0f..8fac5cd 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
             if (isset($CurrentBlock['continuable']))
             {
-                $Block = $this->{'block'.$CurrentBlock['type'].'Continue'}($Line, $CurrentBlock);
+                $Block = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Continue"}($Line, $CurrentBlock);
 
                 if (isset($Block))
                 {
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 {
                     if ($this->isBlockCompletable($CurrentBlock['type']))
                     {
-                        $CurrentBlock = $this->{'block'.$CurrentBlock['type'].'Complete'}($CurrentBlock);
+                        $CurrentBlock = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Complete"}($CurrentBlock);
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
             foreach ($blockTypes as $blockType)
             {
-                $Block = $this->{'block'.$blockType}($Line, $CurrentBlock);
+                $Block = $this->{"block$blockType"}($Line, $CurrentBlock);
 
                 if (isset($Block))
                 {
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if (isset($CurrentBlock['continuable']) and $this->isBlockCompletable($CurrentBlock['type']))
         {
-            $CurrentBlock = $this->{'block'.$CurrentBlock['type'].'Complete'}($CurrentBlock);
+            $CurrentBlock = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Complete"}($CurrentBlock);
         }
 
         # ~
@@ -326,12 +326,12 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function isBlockContinuable($Type)
     {
-        return method_exists($this, 'block'.$Type.'Continue');
+        return method_exists($this, "block${Type}Continue");
     }
 
     protected function isBlockCompletable($Type)
     {
-        return method_exists($this, 'block'.$Type.'Complete');
+        return method_exists($this, "block${Type}Complete");
     }
 
     #
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n" . $Line['body'];
+        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
 
         if (strpos($Line['text'], '-->') !== false)
         {
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
             if (isset($matches[2]))
             {
-                $class = 'language-'.$matches[2];
+                $class = "language-{$matches[2]}";
 
                 $Element['attributes'] = array(
                     'class' => $class,
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return $Block;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['element']['text'] .= "\n".$Line['body'];
+        $Block['element']['element']['text'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
 
         return $Block;
     }
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n".$Line['body'];
+        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
 
         return $Block;
     }
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 $alignment = $alignments[$index];
 
                 $HeaderElement['attributes'] = array(
-                    'style' => 'text-align: '.$alignment.';',
+                    'style' => "text-align: $alignment;",
                 );
             }
 
@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 if (isset($Block['alignments'][$index]))
                 {
                     $Element['attributes'] = array(
-                        'style' => 'text-align: '.$Block['alignments'][$index].';',
+                        'style' => "text-align: {$Block['alignments'][$index]};",
                     );
                 }
 
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ class Parsedown
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                $Inline = $this->{'inline'.$inlineType}($Excerpt);
+                $Inline = $this->{"inline$inlineType"}($Excerpt);
 
                 if ( ! isset($Inline))
                 {
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
             if ( ! isset($matches[2]))
             {
-                $url = 'mailto:' . $url;
+                $url = "mailto:$url";
             }
 
             return array(
@@ -1472,7 +1472,7 @@ class Parsedown
         if (preg_match('/^&(#?+[0-9a-zA-Z]++);/', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             return array(
-                'element' => array('rawHtml' => '&'.$matches[1].';'),
+                'element' => array('rawHtml' => "&{$matches[1]};"),
                 'extent' => strlen($matches[0]),
             );
         }
@@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if ($hasName)
         {
-            $markup .= '<'.$Element['name'];
+            $markup .= "<{$Element['name']}";
 
             if (isset($Element['attributes']))
             {
@@ -1685,7 +1685,7 @@ class Parsedown
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    $markup .= ' '.$name.'="'.self::escape($value).'"';
+                    $markup .= " $name=\"".self::escape($value).'"';
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -1732,7 +1732,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 }
             }
 
-            $markup .= $hasName ? '</'.$Element['name'].'>' : '';
+            $markup .= $hasName ? "</{$Element['name']}>" : '';
         }
         elseif ($hasName)
         {

From 107223d3a0f65c89ac0c2afa4ead3fa6a8545004 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 22:32:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 08/22] Avoid recomputation

---
 Parsedown.php | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 8fac5cd..238ec0e 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -572,13 +572,15 @@ class Parsedown
                 $matches[1] .= ' ';
             }
 
+            $markerWithoutWhitespace = strstr($matches[1], ' ', true);
+
             $Block = array(
                 'indent' => $Line['indent'],
                 'pattern' => $pattern,
                 'data' => array(
                     'type' => $name,
                     'marker' => $matches[1],
-                    'markerType' => ($name === 'ul' ? strstr($matches[1], ' ', true) : substr(strstr($matches[1], ' ', true), -1)),
+                    'markerType' => ($name === 'ul' ? $markerWithoutWhitespace : substr($markerWithoutWhitespace, -1)),
                 ),
                 'element' => array(
                     'name' => $name,

From b42add3762da22437a9509f67bd5f6e5e8a49656 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 15:41:18 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 09/22] Make some regexes possesive

---
 Parsedown.php | 49 +++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 238ec0e..057dd49 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockFencedCode($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].']{3,})[ ]*([^`]+)?[ ]*$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].']{3,}+)[ ]*+([^`]++)?+[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $Element = array(
                 'name' => 'code',
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ class Parsedown
         }
 
         if (
-            preg_match('/^(['.preg_quote($Block['char']).']{3,})[ ]*$/', $Line['text'], $matches)
+            preg_match('/^(['.preg_quote($Block['char']).']{3,}+)[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches)
             and mb_strlen($matches[1]) >= $Block['openerLength']
         ) {
             $Block['element']['element']['text'] = substr($Block['element']['element']['text'], 1);
@@ -555,9 +555,9 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockList($Line, array $CurrentBlock = null)
     {
-        list($name, $pattern) = $Line['text'][0] <= '-' ? array('ul', '[*+-]') : array('ol', '[0-9]{1,9}[.\)]');
+        list($name, $pattern) = $Line['text'][0] <= '-' ? array('ul', '[*+-]') : array('ol', '[0-9]{1,9}+[.\)]');
 
-        if (preg_match('/^('.$pattern.'([ ]+|$))(.*)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^('.$pattern.'([ ]++|$))(.*+)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $contentIndent = strlen($matches[2]);
 
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ class Parsedown
                     'elements' => array(),
                 ),
             );
+            $Block['data']['markerTypeRegex'] = preg_quote($Block['data']['markerType'], '/');
 
             if ($name === 'ol')
             {
@@ -634,10 +635,10 @@ class Parsedown
             and (
                 (
                     $Block['data']['type'] === 'ol'
-                    and preg_match('/^[0-9]+'.preg_quote($Block['data']['markerType']).'(?:[ ]+(.*)|$)/', $Line['text'], $matches)
+                    and preg_match('/^[0-9]++'.$Block['data']['markerTypeRegex'].'(?:[ ]++(.*)|$)/', $Line['text'], $matches)
                 ) or (
                     $Block['data']['type'] === 'ul'
-                    and preg_match('/^'.preg_quote($Block['data']['markerType']).'(?:[ ]+(.*)|$)/', $Line['text'], $matches)
+                    and preg_match('/^'.$Block['data']['markerTypeRegex'].'(?:[ ]++(.*)|$)/', $Line['text'], $matches)
                 )
             )
         ) {
@@ -699,7 +700,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if ( ! isset($Block['interrupted']))
         {
-            $text = preg_replace('/^[ ]{0,'.$requiredIndent.'}/', '', $Line['body']);
+            $text = preg_replace('/^[ ]{0,'.$requiredIndent.'}+/', '', $Line['body']);
 
             $Block['li']['handler']['argument'] []= $text;
 
@@ -728,7 +729,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockQuote($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^>[ ]?(.*)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^>[ ]?+(.*+)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $Block = array(
                 'element' => array(
@@ -752,7 +753,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if ($Line['text'][0] === '>' and preg_match('/^>[ ]?(.*)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if ($Line['text'][0] === '>' and preg_match('/^>[ ]?+(.*+)/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $Block['element']['handler']['argument'] []= $matches[1];
 
@@ -772,7 +773,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockRule($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].'])([ ]*\1){2,}[ ]*$/', $Line['text']))
+        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].'])([ ]*+\1){2,}+[ ]*+$/', $Line['text']))
         {
             $Block = array(
                 'element' => array(
@@ -814,7 +815,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if (preg_match('/^<[\/]?+(\w*)(?:[ ]*'.$this->regexHtmlAttribute.')*[ ]*(\/)?>/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^<[\/]?+(\w*)(?:[ ]*+'.$this->regexHtmlAttribute.')*+[ ]*+(\/)?>/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $element = strtolower($matches[1]);
 
@@ -852,7 +853,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockReference($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^\[(.+?)\]:[ ]*<?(\S+?)>?(?:[ ]+["\'(](.+)["\')])?[ ]*$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^\[(.+?)\]:[ ]*+<?(\S+?)>?(?:[ ]+["\'(](.+)["\')])?[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
         {
             $id = strtolower($matches[1]);
 
@@ -1013,7 +1014,7 @@ class Parsedown
             $row = trim($row);
             $row = trim($row, '|');
 
-            preg_match_all('/(?:(\\\\[|])|[^|`]|`[^`]+`|`)+/', $row, $matches);
+            preg_match_all('/(?:(\\\\[|])|[^|`]|`[^`]++`|`)++/', $row, $matches);
 
             $cells = array_slice($matches[0], 0, count($Block['alignments']));
 
@@ -1236,10 +1237,10 @@ class Parsedown
     {
         $marker = $Excerpt['text'][0];
 
-        if (preg_match('/^('.$marker.'+)[ ]*(.+?)[ ]*(?<!'.$marker.')\1(?!'.$marker.')/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^(['.$marker.']++)[ ]*+(.+?)[ ]*+(?<!['.$marker.'])\1(?!'.$marker.')/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             $text = $matches[2];
-            $text = preg_replace("/[ ]*\n/", ' ', $text);
+            $text = preg_replace('/[ ]*+\n/', ' ', $text);
 
             return array(
                 'extent' => strlen($matches[0]),
@@ -1395,7 +1396,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if (preg_match('/^[(]\s*+((?:[^ ()]++|[(][^ )]+[)])++)(?:[ ]+("[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'))?\s*[)]/', $remainder, $matches))
+        if (preg_match('/^[(]\s*+((?:[^ ()]++|[(][^ )]+[)])++)(?:[ ]+("[^"]*+"|\'[^\']*+\'))?\s*+[)]/', $remainder, $matches))
         {
             $Element['attributes']['href'] = $matches[1];
 
@@ -1444,7 +1445,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] === '/' and preg_match('/^<\/\w[\w-]*[ ]*>/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
+        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] === '/' and preg_match('/^<\/\w[\w-]*+[ ]*+>/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             return array(
                 'element' => array('rawHtml' => $matches[0]),
@@ -1452,7 +1453,7 @@ class Parsedown
             );
         }
 
-        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] === '!' and preg_match('/^<!---?[^>-](?:-?[^-])*-->/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
+        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] === '!' and preg_match('/^<!---?[^>-](?:-?+[^-])*-->/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             return array(
                 'element' => array('rawHtml' => $matches[0]),
@@ -1460,7 +1461,7 @@ class Parsedown
             );
         }
 
-        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] !== ' ' and preg_match('/^<\w[\w-]*(?:[ ]*'.$this->regexHtmlAttribute.')*[ ]*\/?>/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
+        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] !== ' ' and preg_match('/^<\w[\w-]*+(?:[ ]*+'.$this->regexHtmlAttribute.')*+[ ]*+\/?>/s', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             return array(
                 'element' => array('rawHtml' => $matches[0]),
@@ -1512,7 +1513,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if (preg_match('/\bhttps?:[\/]{2}[^\s<]+\b\/*/ui', $Excerpt['context'], $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE))
+        if (preg_match('/\bhttps?+:[\/]{2}[^\s<]+\b\/*+/ui', $Excerpt['context'], $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE))
         {
             $url = $matches[0][0];
 
@@ -1534,7 +1535,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function inlineUrlTag($Excerpt)
     {
-        if (strpos($Excerpt['text'], '>') !== false and preg_match('/^<(\w+:\/{2}[^ >]+)>/i', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
+        if (strpos($Excerpt['text'], '>') !== false and preg_match('/^<(\w++:\/{2}[^ >]++)>/i', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
             $url = $matches[1];
 
@@ -1939,8 +1940,8 @@ class Parsedown
     );
 
     protected $StrongRegex = array(
-        '*' => '/^[*]{2}((?:\\\\\*|[^*]|[*][^*]*[*])+?)[*]{2}(?![*])/s',
-        '_' => '/^__((?:\\\\_|[^_]|_[^_]*_)+?)__(?!_)/us',
+        '*' => '/^[*]{2}((?:\\\\\*|[^*]|[*][^*]*+[*])+?)[*]{2}(?![*])/s',
+        '_' => '/^__((?:\\\\_|[^_]|_[^_]*+_)+?)__(?!_)/us',
     );
 
     protected $EmRegex = array(
@@ -1948,7 +1949,7 @@ class Parsedown
         '_' => '/^_((?:\\\\_|[^_]|__[^_]*__)+?)_(?!_)\b/us',
     );
 
-    protected $regexHtmlAttribute = '[a-zA-Z_:][\w:.-]*(?:\s*=\s*(?:[^"\'=<>`\s]+|"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'))?';
+    protected $regexHtmlAttribute = '[a-zA-Z_:][\w:.-]*+(?:\s*+=\s*+(?:[^"\'=<>`\s]+|"[^"]*+"|\'[^\']*+\'))?+';
 
     protected $voidElements = array(
         'area', 'base', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source',

From 2faba6fef5de5611c0f167e8a6a3bbf7360bc7b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Apr 2018 23:55:08 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 10/22] Remove unneeded complete function

---
 Parsedown.php | 9 ---------
 1 file changed, 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 057dd49..1dc4f0e 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -383,15 +383,6 @@ class Parsedown
         }
     }
 
-    protected function blockCodeComplete($Block)
-    {
-        $text = $Block['element']['element']['text'];
-
-        $Block['element']['element']['text'] = $text;
-
-        return $Block;
-    }
-
     #
     # Comment
 

From c45e41950fc2969b24d41223605a661195636a36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 00:05:12 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 11/22] Use standard library over while loop

---
 Parsedown.php | 7 +------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 1dc4f0e..0057566 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -199,12 +199,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 }
             }
 
-            $indent = 0;
-
-            while (isset($line[$indent]) and $line[$indent] === ' ')
-            {
-                $indent ++;
-            }
+            $indent = strspn($line, ' ');
 
             $text = $indent > 0 ? substr($line, $indent) : $line;
 

From 3ea08140b62158fbd6d468672afb60bb4c52d9fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 00:46:26 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 12/22] Remove use of array

---
 Parsedown.php | 24 ++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 0057566..22c2558 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -182,21 +182,17 @@ class Parsedown
                 continue;
             }
 
-            if (strpos($line, "\t") !== false)
-            {
-                $parts = explode("\t", $line);
+            for (
+                $beforeTab = strstr($line, "\t", true);
+                $beforeTab !== false;
+                $beforeTab = strstr($line, "\t", true)
+            ) {
+                $shortage = 4 - mb_strlen($beforeTab, 'utf-8') % 4;
 
-                $line = $parts[0];
-
-                unset($parts[0]);
-
-                foreach ($parts as $part)
-                {
-                    $shortage = 4 - mb_strlen($line, 'utf-8') % 4;
-
-                    $line .= str_repeat(' ', $shortage);
-                    $line .= $part;
-                }
+                $line = $beforeTab
+                    . str_repeat(' ', $shortage)
+                    . substr($line, strlen($beforeTab) + 1)
+                ;
             }
 
             $indent = strspn($line, ' ');

From b53aa74a72b43ab3e13d7792a122ac607378e8e8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 00:55:36 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 13/22] Use standard library function

---
 Parsedown.php | 7 +------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 22c2558..794438a 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -497,12 +497,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockHeader($Line)
     {
-        $level = 1;
-
-        while (isset($Line['text'][$level]) and $Line['text'][$level] === '#')
-        {
-            $level ++;
-        }
+        $level = strspn($Line['text'], '#');
 
         if ($level > 6)
         {

From e74a5bd7ed8ac3eaf0e95bca6d1096bdbad6bd4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 01:46:36 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 14/22] In theory PHP stores the length of strings, so looking
 this up should be quick

---
 Parsedown.php | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 794438a..a973478 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@ class Parsedown
         {
             $marker = $excerpt[0];
 
-            $markerPosition = strpos($text, $marker);
+            $markerPosition = strlen($text) - strlen($excerpt);
 
             $Excerpt = array('text' => $excerpt, 'context' => $text);
 

From d2dd736e1b41b65101098c9eeebdd7180dea24e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 02:30:22 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 15/22] Remove regex from fenced code block

Also remove unused function
---
 Parsedown.php | 73 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index a973478..fc9533f 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -424,33 +424,42 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockFencedCode($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].']{3,}+)[ ]*+([^`]++)?+[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
+        $marker = $Line['text'][0];
+
+        $openerLength = strspn($Line['text'], $marker);
+
+        if ($openerLength < 3)
         {
-            $Element = array(
-                'name' => 'code',
-                'text' => '',
-            );
-
-            if (isset($matches[2]))
-            {
-                $class = "language-{$matches[2]}";
-
-                $Element['attributes'] = array(
-                    'class' => $class,
-                );
-            }
-
-            $Block = array(
-                'char' => $Line['text'][0],
-                'openerLength' => mb_strlen($matches[1]),
-                'element' => array(
-                    'name' => 'pre',
-                    'element' => $Element,
-                ),
-            );
-
-            return $Block;
+            return;
         }
+
+        $infostring = trim(substr($Line['text'], $openerLength), "\t ");
+
+        if (strpos($infostring, '`') !== false)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $Element = array(
+            'name' => 'code',
+            'text' => '',
+        );
+
+        if ($infostring !== '')
+        {
+            $Element['attributes'] = array('class' => "language-$infostring");
+        }
+
+        $Block = array(
+            'char' => $marker,
+            'openerLength' => $openerLength,
+            'element' => array(
+                'name' => 'pre',
+                'element' => $Element,
+            ),
+        );
+
+        return $Block;
     }
 
     protected function blockFencedCodeContinue($Line, $Block)
@@ -467,9 +476,8 @@ class Parsedown
             unset($Block['interrupted']);
         }
 
-        if (
-            preg_match('/^(['.preg_quote($Block['char']).']{3,}+)[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches)
-            and mb_strlen($matches[1]) >= $Block['openerLength']
+        if (($len = strspn($Line['text'], $Block['char'])) >= $Block['openerLength']
+            and chop(substr($Line['text'], $len), ' ') === ''
         ) {
             $Block['element']['element']['text'] = substr($Block['element']['element']['text'], 1);
 
@@ -483,15 +491,6 @@ class Parsedown
         return $Block;
     }
 
-    protected function blockFencedCodeComplete($Block)
-    {
-        $text = $Block['element']['element']['text'];
-
-        $Block['element']['element']['text'] = $text;
-
-        return $Block;
-    }
-
     #
     # Header
 

From 7e15d99d90f99066d39c4771bb061a7682ed0cb5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 02:31:36 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 16/22] Remove regex from block rule

---
 Parsedown.php | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index fc9533f..210e721 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -749,7 +749,9 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockRule($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^(['.$Line['text'][0].'])([ ]*+\1){2,}+[ ]*+$/', $Line['text']))
+        $marker = $Line['text'][0];
+
+        if (substr_count($Line['text'], $marker) >= 3 and chop($Line['text'], " $marker") === '')
         {
             $Block = array(
                 'element' => array(

From 450a74fedf2986987512b0f638b971ba2ddd1fb7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 02:32:01 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 17/22] More expensive statement last

---
 Parsedown.php | 6 ++----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 210e721..6b7ff86 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -773,10 +773,8 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if (
-            chop(chop($Line['text'], ' '), $Line['text'][0]) === ''
-            and $Line['indent'] < 4
-        ) {
+        if ($Line['indent'] < 4 and chop(chop($Line['text'], ' '), $Line['text'][0]) === '')
+        {
             $Block['element']['name'] = $Line['text'][0] === '=' ? 'h1' : 'h2';
 
             return $Block;

From 726d4ef44a676de2e2af0c3b1861c9429a257196 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2018 02:32:23 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 18/22] Sanity checks before starting regex engine

---
 Parsedown.php | 15 +++++++++------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 6b7ff86..7fa06e3 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -829,8 +829,9 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function blockReference($Line)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^\[(.+?)\]:[ ]*+<?(\S+?)>?(?:[ ]+["\'(](.+)["\')])?[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches))
-        {
+        if (strpos($Line['text'], ']') !== false
+            and preg_match('/^\[(.+?)\]:[ ]*+<?(\S+?)>?(?:[ ]+["\'(](.+)["\')])?[ ]*+$/', $Line['text'], $matches)
+        ) {
             $id = strtolower($matches[1]);
 
             $Data = array(
@@ -1448,8 +1449,9 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function inlineSpecialCharacter($Excerpt)
     {
-        if (preg_match('/^&(#?+[0-9a-zA-Z]++);/', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
-        {
+        if ($Excerpt['text'][1] !== ' ' and strpos($Excerpt['text'], ';') !== false
+            and preg_match('/^&(#?+[0-9a-zA-Z]++);/', $Excerpt['text'], $matches)
+        ) {
             return array(
                 'element' => array('rawHtml' => "&{$matches[1]};"),
                 'extent' => strlen($matches[0]),
@@ -1489,8 +1491,9 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        if (preg_match('/\bhttps?+:[\/]{2}[^\s<]+\b\/*+/ui', $Excerpt['context'], $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE))
-        {
+        if (strpos($Excerpt['context'], 'http') !== false
+            and preg_match('/\bhttps?+:[\/]{2}[^\s<]+\b\/*+/ui', $Excerpt['context'], $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)
+        ) {
             $url = $matches[0][0];
 
             $Inline = array(

From 88a3f31dd74a8ef3b7c7f2bfb4abd03343d3f3bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2018 19:33:01 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 19/22] Rewrite as one statement

---
 Parsedown.php | 16 ++++++----------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 7fa06e3..153dc74 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1196,16 +1196,12 @@ class Parsedown
 
         $safeText = self::escape($text, true);
 
-        if ($this->breaksEnabled)
-        {
-            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/[ ]*+\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
-            $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace('/(?:[ ]*+\\\\|[ ]{2,}+)\n/', "<br />\n", $safeText);
-            $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
-        }
+        $Inline['element']['rawHtml'] = preg_replace(
+            $this->breaksEnabled ? '/[ ]*+\n/' : '/(?:[ ]*+\\\\|[ ]{2,}+)\n/',
+            "<br />\n",
+            $safeText
+        );
+        $Inline['element']['allowRawHtmlInSafeMode'] = true;
 
         return $Inline;
     }

From 3e70819a20d950623f15ab040b4ef76cacdc95ed Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2018 22:16:25 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 20/22] Readability improvements, thanks @PhrozenByte

---
 Parsedown.php | 29 +++++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 153dc74..4ec6a7a 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -182,11 +182,8 @@ class Parsedown
                 continue;
             }
 
-            for (
-                $beforeTab = strstr($line, "\t", true);
-                $beforeTab !== false;
-                $beforeTab = strstr($line, "\t", true)
-            ) {
+            while (($beforeTab = strstr($line, "\t", true)) !== false)
+            {
                 $shortage = 4 - mb_strlen($beforeTab, 'utf-8') % 4;
 
                 $line = $beforeTab
@@ -207,7 +204,8 @@ class Parsedown
 
             if (isset($CurrentBlock['continuable']))
             {
-                $Block = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Continue"}($Line, $CurrentBlock);
+                $methodName = 'block' . $CurrentBlock['type'] . 'Continue';
+                $Block = $this->$methodName($Line, $CurrentBlock);
 
                 if (isset($Block))
                 {
@@ -219,7 +217,8 @@ class Parsedown
                 {
                     if ($this->isBlockCompletable($CurrentBlock['type']))
                     {
-                        $CurrentBlock = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Complete"}($CurrentBlock);
+                        $methodName = 'block' . $CurrentBlock['type'] . 'Complete';
+                        $CurrentBlock = $this->$methodName($CurrentBlock);
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -300,7 +299,8 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if (isset($CurrentBlock['continuable']) and $this->isBlockCompletable($CurrentBlock['type']))
         {
-            $CurrentBlock = $this->{"block{$CurrentBlock['type']}Complete"}($CurrentBlock);
+            $methodName = 'block' . $CurrentBlock['type'] . 'Complete';
+            $CurrentBlock = $this->$methodName($CurrentBlock);
         }
 
         # ~
@@ -317,12 +317,12 @@ class Parsedown
 
     protected function isBlockContinuable($Type)
     {
-        return method_exists($this, "block${Type}Continue");
+        return method_exists($this, 'block' . $Type . 'Continue');
     }
 
     protected function isBlockCompletable($Type)
     {
-        return method_exists($this, "block${Type}Complete");
+        return method_exists($this, 'block' . $Type . 'Complete');
     }
 
     #
@@ -1138,10 +1138,11 @@ class Parsedown
 
                 # cause the new element to 'inherit' our non nestables
 
-                foreach ($nonNestables as $nonNestable)
-                {
-                    $Inline['element']['nonNestables'][] = $nonNestable;
-                }
+
+                $Inline['element']['nonNestables'] = isset($Inline['element']['nonNestables'])
+                    ? array_merge($Inline['element']['nonNestables'], $nonNestables)
+                    : $nonNestables
+                ;
 
                 # the text that comes before the inline
                 $unmarkedText = substr($text, 0, $Inline['position']);

From 7f4318dbdb5eed781a259ace08b5d5f31ac65208 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2018 22:22:53 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 21/22] =?UTF-8?q?PHP=205.3=20=3D=3D=20=F0=9F=92=A9?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 Parsedown.php | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 4ec6a7a..74f1d0e 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -1094,7 +1094,10 @@ class Parsedown
     {
         $Elements = array();
 
-        $nonNestables = array_combine($nonNestables, $nonNestables);
+        $nonNestables = (empty($nonNestables)
+            ? array()
+            : array_combine($nonNestables, $nonNestables)
+        );
 
         # $excerpt is based on the first occurrence of a marker
 

From a9764ec90f40cc440f9afc9b0f69c54b0d478c2d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Aidan Woods <aidantwoods@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2018 15:27:06 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 22/22] Remove complex string interpolation expressions

---
 Parsedown.php | 14 +++++++-------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Parsedown.php b/Parsedown.php
index 74f1d0e..46062df 100644
--- a/Parsedown.php
+++ b/Parsedown.php
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
+        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n" . $Line['body'];
 
         if (strpos($Line['text'], '-->') !== false)
         {
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return $Block;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['element']['text'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
+        $Block['element']['element']['text'] .= "\n" . $Line['body'];
 
         return $Block;
     }
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ class Parsedown
             return;
         }
 
-        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n{$Line['body']}";
+        $Block['element']['rawHtml'] .= "\n" . $Line['body'];
 
         return $Block;
     }
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 if (isset($Block['alignments'][$index]))
                 {
                     $Element['attributes'] = array(
-                        'style' => "text-align: {$Block['alignments'][$index]};",
+                        'style' => 'text-align: ' . $Block['alignments'][$index] . ';',
                     );
                 }
 
@@ -1453,7 +1453,7 @@ class Parsedown
             and preg_match('/^&(#?+[0-9a-zA-Z]++);/', $Excerpt['text'], $matches)
         ) {
             return array(
-                'element' => array('rawHtml' => "&{$matches[1]};"),
+                'element' => array('rawHtml' => '&' . $matches[1] . ';'),
                 'extent' => strlen($matches[0]),
             );
         }
@@ -1656,7 +1656,7 @@ class Parsedown
 
         if ($hasName)
         {
-            $markup .= "<{$Element['name']}";
+            $markup .= '<' . $Element['name'];
 
             if (isset($Element['attributes']))
             {
@@ -1714,7 +1714,7 @@ class Parsedown
                 }
             }
 
-            $markup .= $hasName ? "</{$Element['name']}>" : '';
+            $markup .= $hasName ? '</' . $Element['name'] . '>' : '';
         }
         elseif ($hasName)
         {