os: implement os.config_dir() like in Go's UserConfigDir (#13893)

vlib/os/os.v

@@ -766,3 +766,33 @@ pub fn quoted_path(path string) string {
 		return "'$path'"
 	}
 }
+
+// config_dir returns the path to the user configuration directory (depending on the platform).
+// On windows, that is `%AppData%`.
+// On macos, that is `~/Library/Application Support`.
+// On the rest, that is `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME`, or if that is not available, `~/.config`.
+// If the path cannot be determined, it returns an error.
+// (for example, when $HOME on linux, or %AppData% on windows is not defined)
+pub fn config_dir() ?string {
+	$if windows {
+		app_data := getenv('AppData')
+		if app_data != '' {
+			return app_data
+		}
+	} $else $if macos || darwin || ios {
+		home := home_dir()
+		if home != '' {
+			return home + '/Library/Application Support'
+		}
+	} $else {
+		xdg_home := getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME')
+		if xdg_home != '' {
+			return xdg_home
+		}
+		home := home_dir()
+		if home != '' {
+			return home + '/.config'
+		}
+	}
+	return error('Cannot find config directory')
+}

vlib/os/os_test.v

@@ -894,3 +894,10 @@ fn test_command() {
 	// dump( cmd_to_fail )
 	assert cmd_to_fail.exit_code != 0 // 2 on linux, 1 on macos
 }
+
+fn test_config_dir() {
+	cdir := os.config_dir() or { panic(err) }
+	adir := '$cdir/test-v-config'
+	os.mkdir_all(adir) or { panic(err) }
+	os.rmdir(adir) or { panic(err) }
+}