all: do not allow uninitialized function pointers

With this change, example vweb programs, will continue to be available to both
ipv6 and ipv4 connections from the same machine, even after doing (on linux):
`echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv6/bindv6only`

Previously, after that, vweb programs responded only to ipv6 connections, but not to ipv4 ones,
i.e. opening http://127.0.0.1:8082/ stopped working, for `v run examples/vweb/vweb_example.v` .

Note: GO web servers have the same behaviour, which is convenient for development/testing,
since it makes the programs more consistent and robust in the face of OS settings changes.

.editorconfig

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ end_of_line = lf
 insert_final_newline = true
 trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 
-[*.v]
+[*.{v,js,css}]
 indent_style = tab
 
 [*.{bat,cmd}]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-report.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 name: 🐛 Bug Report
 description: Report a bug
-title: (bug report summary)
-labels: Bug
+labels: [Bug]
 body:
   - type: textarea
     id: description

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature-request.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 name: 🚀 Feature Request
 description: Suggest an idea for this project
-title: (feature request summary)
-labels: Feature Request
+labels: [Feature Request]
 body:
   - type: textarea
     id: description

.github/workflows/c2v_ci.yml

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
   doom-regressions:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     if: github.event_name != 'push' || github.event.ref == 'refs/heads/master' || github.event.repository.full_name != 'vlang/v'
-    timeout-minutes: 10
+    timeout-minutes: 20
     env:
       VFLAGS: -cc tcc
       DISPLAY: :99

.github/workflows/gg_regressions_ci.yml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
   gg-regressions:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     if: github.event_name != 'push' || github.event.ref == 'refs/heads/master' || github.event.repository.full_name != 'vlang/v'
-    timeout-minutes: 10
+    timeout-minutes: 20
     env:
       VFLAGS: -cc tcc
       DISPLAY: :99

.github/workflows/module_docs_lint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+name: Code CI vlib modules
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - '**/cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/**'
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - '**/cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/**'
+
+jobs:
+  lint-module-docs:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Check Formatting
+        uses: actionsx/prettier@v2
+        with:
+          args: --check cmd/tools/vdoc/theme

.github/workflows/other_ci.yml

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Repeat -o hw.c examples/hello_world.v
         run: cmd/tools/repeat --max_time 251 --series 3 --count 20 --nmins 2 --nmaxs 5 --warmup 3 --fail_percent 10 -t 'cd {T} ; ./v -show-timings -o hw.c examples/hello_world.v' . ./vmaster
       - name: Repeat -o v.c cmd/v
-        run: cmd/tools/repeat --max_time 1701 --series 3 --count 20 --nmins 2 --nmaxs 5 --warmup 3 --fail_percent 10 -t 'cd {T} ; ./v -show-timings -o v.c cmd/v' . ./vmaster
+        run: cmd/tools/repeat --max_time 1731 --series 3 --count 20 --nmins 2 --nmaxs 5 --warmup 3 --fail_percent 10 -t 'cd {T} ; ./v -show-timings -o v.c cmd/v' . ./vmaster
 
   misc-tooling:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04

.github/workflows/vab_ci.yml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
   v-compiles-os-android:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     if: github.event_name != 'push' || github.event.ref == 'refs/heads/master' || github.event.repository.full_name != 'vlang/v'
-    timeout-minutes: 10
+    timeout-minutes: 20
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
     - name: Build V

README.md

@@ -201,34 +201,23 @@ cd v
 make
 ```
 
-## Installing editor/IDE plugin
+## Editor/IDE Plugins
 
-V has plugins for many editors:
+To bring IDE functions for the V programming languages to your editor, check out
+[v-analyzer](https://github.com/v-analyzer/v-analyzer). It provides a
+[VS Code extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=VOSCA.vscode-v-analyzer)
+and language server capabilities for other editors.
+
+The plugin for JetBrains IDEs (IntelliJ, CLion, GoLand, etc.) also offers a great development
+experience with V. You can find all features in [its documentation](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/20287-vlang/docs/syntax-highlighting.html).
+
+Other Plugins:
 
-- [VS Code plugin](https://github.com/vlang/vscode-vlang)
-- [JetBrains IDE plugin](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/20287-vlang/docs/quick-start-guide.html)
 - [Vim plugins](https://github.com/vlang/awesome-v#vim)
 - [Emacs plugins](https://github.com/vlang/awesome-v#emacs)
 - [Sublime Text 3 plugins](https://github.com/vlang/awesome-v#sublime-text-3)
 - [Atom plugins](https://github.com/vlang/awesome-v#atom)
 
-### IntelliSense
-
-V has a Language Server:
-[VLS](https://github.com/vlang/vls).
-The VS Code plugin provides built-in support for VLS.
-
-> **Note**
-> 
-> VLS may be unstable at the moment.
-> If you encounter any problem, please create a new
-> [issue](https://github.com/vlang/vls/issues).
-
-The plugin for JetBrains IDE (IntelliJ, CLion, GoLand, etc) at the moment is
-the best choice if you want a great V development experience.
-You can see all its features in
-[its documentation](https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/20287-vlang/docs/syntax-highlighting.html).
-
 ## Testing and running the examples
 
 Make sure V can compile itself:

cmd/tools/check_os_api_parity.v

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import term
 
 const (
 	base_os      = 'linux'
-	os_names     = ['linux', 'macos', 'windows']
+	os_names     = ['linux', 'macos', 'windows', 'freebsd', 'openbsd', 'solaris', 'termux']
 	skip_modules = [
 		'builtin.bare',
 		'builtin.linux_bare.old',
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ fn (app App) gen_api_for_module_in_os(mod_name string, os_name string) string {
 		for s in f.stmts {
 			if s is ast.FnDecl {
 				if s.is_pub {
-					fn_signature := s.stringify_fn_decl(b.table, mod_name, map[string]string{})
+					fn_signature := b.table.stringify_fn_decl(&s, mod_name, map[string]string{})
 					fn_mod := s.modname()
 					if fn_mod == mod_name {
 						fline := '${fn_mod}: ${fn_signature}'

cmd/tools/vdoc/html.v

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import v.ast
 import v.token
 import v.doc
 import v.pref
+import v.util { tabs }
 
 const (
 	css_js_assets         = ['doc.css', 'normalize.css', 'doc.js', 'dark-mode.js']
@@ -249,27 +250,27 @@ fn (vd VDoc) gen_html(d doc.Doc) string {
 		version).replace('{{ light_icon }}', vd.assets['light_icon']).replace('{{ dark_icon }}',
 		vd.assets['dark_icon']).replace('{{ menu_icon }}', vd.assets['menu_icon']).replace('{{ head_assets }}',
 		if cfg.inline_assets {
-		'\n${tabs[0]}<style>' + vd.assets['doc_css'] + '</style>\n${tabs[0]}<style>' +
-			vd.assets['normalize_css'] + '</style>\n${tabs[0]}<script>' +
-			vd.assets['dark_mode_js'] + '</script>'
+		'<style>${vd.assets['doc_css']}</style>
+${tabs(2)}<style>${vd.assets['normalize_css']}</style>
+${tabs(2)}<script>${vd.assets['dark_mode_js']}</script>'
 	} else {
-		'\n${tabs[0]}<link rel="stylesheet" href="' + vd.assets['doc_css'] +
-			'" />\n${tabs[0]}<link rel="stylesheet" href="' + vd.assets['normalize_css'] +
-			'" />\n${tabs[0]}<script src="' + vd.assets['dark_mode_js'] + '"></script>'
+		'<link rel="stylesheet" href="${vd.assets['doc_css']}" />
+${tabs(2)}<link rel="stylesheet" href="${vd.assets['normalize_css']}" />
+${tabs(2)}<script src="${vd.assets['dark_mode_js']}"></script>'
 	}).replace('{{ toc_links }}', if cfg.is_multi || vd.docs.len > 1 {
 		modules_toc_str
 	} else {
 		symbols_toc_str
 	}).replace('{{ contents }}', contents.str()).replace('{{ right_content }}', if cfg.is_multi
-		&& vd.docs.len > 1 && d.head.name != 'README' {
-		'<div class="doc-toc"><ul>' + symbols_toc_str + '</ul></div>'
+		&& d.head.name != 'README' {
+		'<div class="doc-toc"><ul>${symbols_toc_str}</ul></div>'
 	} else {
 		''
 	}).replace('{{ footer_content }}', gen_footer_text(d, !cfg.no_timestamp)).replace('{{ footer_assets }}',
 		if cfg.inline_assets {
-		'<script>' + vd.assets['doc_js'] + '</script>'
+		'<script>${vd.assets['doc_js']}</script>'
 	} else {
-		'<script src="' + vd.assets['doc_js'] + '"></script>'
+		'<script src="${vd.assets['doc_js']}"></script>'
 	})
 	return result
 }
@@ -407,12 +408,12 @@ fn doc_node_html(dn doc.DocNode, link string, head bool, include_examples bool,
 		node_id = 'readme_${node_id}'
 		hash_link = ' <a href="#${node_id}">#</a>'
 	}
-	dnw.writeln('${tabs[1]}<section id="${node_id}" class="doc-node${node_class}">')
+	dnw.writeln('${tabs(2)}<section id="${node_id}" class="doc-node${node_class}">')
 	if dn.name.len > 0 {
 		if dn.kind == .const_group {
-			dnw.write_string('${tabs[2]}<div class="title"><${head_tag}>${sym_name}${hash_link}</${head_tag}>')
+			dnw.write_string('${tabs(3)}<div class="title"><${head_tag}>${sym_name}${hash_link}</${head_tag}>')
 		} else {
-			dnw.write_string('${tabs[2]}<div class="title"><${head_tag}>${dn.kind} ${sym_name}${hash_link}</${head_tag}>')
+			dnw.write_string('${tabs(3)}<div class="title"><${head_tag}>${dn.kind} ${sym_name}${hash_link}</${head_tag}>')
 		}
 		if link.len != 0 {
 			dnw.write_string('<a class="link" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank" href="${link}">${link_svg}</a>')

cmd/tools/vdoc/tests/testdata/readme_in_project_root/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+hello from readme

cmd/tools/vdoc/tests/testdata/readme_in_project_root/src/main.comments.out

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module foo
+
+fn bar()

cmd/tools/vdoc/tests/testdata/readme_in_project_root/src/main.readme.comments.out

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+hello from readme
+module foo
+
+fn bar()

cmd/tools/vdoc/tests/testdata/readme_in_project_root/src/main.v

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module foo
+
+pub fn bar() {}

cmd/tools/vdoc/tests/vdoc_file_test.v

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ fn check_path(vexe string, dir string, tests []string) int {
 			cmd: '${os.quoted_path(vexe)} doc -comments ${os.quoted_path(program)}'
 			out_filename: 'main.comments.out'
 		)
+		fails += check_output(
+			program: program
+			cmd: '${os.quoted_path(vexe)} doc -readme -comments ${os.quoted_path(program)}'
+			out_filename: 'main.readme.comments.out'
+		)
 		total_fails += fails
 		if fails == 0 {
 			println(term.green('OK'))
@@ -71,7 +76,7 @@ fn print_compare(expected string, found string) {
 	println(found)
 	println('============\n')
 	println('diff:')
-	println(diff.color_compare_strings(diff_cmd, rand.ulid(), found, expected))
+	println(diff.color_compare_strings(diff_cmd, rand.ulid(), expected, found))
 	println('============\n')
 }
 

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/.prettierrc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+	"useTabs": true,
+	"printWidth": 100,
+	"singleQuote": true
+}

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/dark-mode.js

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-(function() {
-    var html = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0];
-    if (localStorage.getItem('dark-mode') === 'true') {
-        html.classList.add('dark');
-    }
+(function () {
+	if (localStorage.getItem('dark-mode') === 'true') {
+		document.querySelector('html').classList.add('dark');
+	}
 })();

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/doc.js

@@ -1,235 +1,204 @@
 (function () {
-    if (document.body.scrollIntoView) {
-        var docnav = document.querySelector('.doc-nav');
-        var active = docnav.querySelector('li.active');
-        if (active) {
-            active.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center', inline: 'nearest' });
-        }
-    }
-    setupScrollSpy();
-    setupMobileToggle();
-    setupDarkMode();
-    setupSearch();
-    setupCollapse();
+	const docnav = document.querySelector('.doc-nav');
+	const active = docnav.querySelector('li.active');
+	active?.scrollIntoView({ block: 'center', inline: 'nearest' });
+	setupMobileToggle();
+	setupDarkMode();
+	setupScrollSpy();
+	setupSearch();
+	setupCollapse();
 })();
 
 function setupScrollSpy() {
-    var sectionPositions = [];
-    var sections = document.querySelectorAll('section');
-    sections.forEach(function (section) {
-        sectionPositions.push(section.offsetTop);
-    });
-    var scrollPos = 0;
-    window.addEventListener('scroll', function (_) {
-        // Reset classes
-        document.querySelectorAll('.doc-toc a[class="active"]').forEach(function (link) {
-            link.classList.remove('active');
-        });
-        // Set current menu link as active
-        var scrollPosition = document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
-        for (var i = 0; i < sectionPositions.length; i++) {
-            var section = sections[i];
-            var position = sectionPositions[i];
-            if (position >= scrollPosition) {
-                var link = document.querySelector('.doc-toc a[href="#' + section.id + '"]');
-                if (link) {
-                    link.classList.add('active');
-                    var docToc = document.querySelector('.doc-toc');
-                    var tocHeight = docToc.clientHeight;
-                    var scrollTop = docToc.scrollTop;
-                    if ((document.body.getBoundingClientRect()).top < scrollPos && scrollTop < link.offsetTop - 10) {
-                        docToc.scrollTop = link.clientHeight + link.offsetTop - tocHeight + 10;
-                    } else if (scrollTop > link.offsetTop - 10) {
-                        docToc.scrollTop = link.offsetTop - 10;
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        scrollPos = (document.body.getBoundingClientRect()).top;
-    });
+	const sections = document.querySelectorAll('section');
+	const sectionPositions = Array.from(sections).map((section) => section.offsetTop);
+	let scrollPos = 0;
+	window.addEventListener('scroll', () => {
+		const toc = document.querySelector('.doc-toc');
+		// Reset classes
+		toc.querySelectorAll('a[class="active"]').forEach((link) => link.classList.remove('active'));
+		// Set current menu link as active
+		let scrollPosition = document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
+		for (const [i, position] of sectionPositions.entries()) {
+			if (position >= scrollPosition) {
+				const section = sections[i];
+				const link = toc.querySelector('a[href="#' + section.id + '"]');
+				if (link) {
+					link.classList.add('active');
+					const tocHeight = toc.clientHeight;
+					const scrollTop = toc.scrollTop;
+					if (
+						document.body.getBoundingClientRect().top < scrollPos &&
+						scrollTop < link.offsetTop - 10
+					) {
+						toc.scrollTop = link.clientHeight + link.offsetTop - tocHeight + 10;
+					} else if (scrollTop > link.offsetTop - 10) {
+						toc.scrollTop = link.offsetTop - 10;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		scrollPos = document.body.getBoundingClientRect().top;
+	});
 }
 
 function setupMobileToggle() {
-    var toggle = document.getElementById('toggle-menu');
-    toggle.addEventListener('click', function (_) {
-        var docNav = document.querySelector('.doc-nav');
-        var isHidden = docNav.classList.contains('hidden');
-        docNav.classList.toggle('hidden');
-        var search = document.querySelector('.doc-nav > .search');
-        console.log(search);
-        var searchHasResults = search.classList.contains('has-results');
-        if (isHidden && searchHasResults) {
-            search.classList.remove('mobile-hidden');
-        } else {
-            search.classList.add('mobile-hidden');
-        }
-        var content = document.querySelector('.doc-nav .content');
-        content.classList.toggle('hidden');
-        content.classList.toggle('show');
-    });
+	document.getElementById('toggle-menu').addEventListener('click', () => {
+		const docNav = document.querySelector('.doc-nav');
+		const isHidden = docNav.classList.contains('hidden');
+		docNav.classList.toggle('hidden');
+		const search = docNav.querySelector('.search');
+		// console.log(search);
+		const searchHasResults = search.classList.contains('has-results');
+		if (isHidden && searchHasResults) {
+			search.classList.remove('mobile-hidden');
+		} else {
+			search.classList.add('mobile-hidden');
+		}
+		const content = docNav.querySelector('.content');
+		content.classList.toggle('hidden');
+		content.classList.toggle('show');
+	});
 }
 
 function setupDarkMode() {
-    var html = document.getElementsByTagName('html')[0];
-    var darkModeToggle = document.getElementById('dark-mode-toggle');
-    darkModeToggle.addEventListener('click', function () {
-        html.classList.toggle('dark');
-        var isDarkModeEnabled = html.classList.contains('dark');
-        localStorage.setItem('dark-mode', isDarkModeEnabled);
-        darkModeToggle.setAttribute('aria-checked', isDarkModeEnabled)
-    });
-    // Check if css var() is supported and enable dark mode toggle
-    if (window.CSS && CSS.supports('color', 'var(--fake-var)')) {
-        darkModeToggle.style.visibility = 'unset';
-    }
+	const html = document.querySelector('html');
+	const darkModeToggle = document.getElementById('dark-mode-toggle');
+	darkModeToggle.addEventListener('click', () => {
+		html.classList.toggle('dark');
+		const isDarkModeEnabled = html.classList.contains('dark');
+		localStorage.setItem('dark-mode', isDarkModeEnabled);
+		darkModeToggle.setAttribute('aria-checked', isDarkModeEnabled);
+	});
 }
 
 function setupSearch() {
-    var searchInput = document.getElementById('search');
-    var onInputChange = debounce(function (e) {
-        var searchValue = e.target.value.toLowerCase();
-        var menu = document.querySelector('.doc-nav > .content');
-        var search = document.querySelector('.doc-nav > .search');
-        if (searchValue === '') {
-            // reset to default
-            menu.style.display = '';
-            if (!search.classList.contains('hidden')) {
-                search.classList.add('hidden');
-                search.classList.remove('has-results');
-            }
-        } else if (searchValue.length >= 2) {
-            // search for less than 2 characters can display too much results
-            search.innerHTML = '';
-            menu.style.display = 'none';
-            if (search.classList.contains('hidden')) {
-                search.classList.remove('hidden');
-                search.classList.remove('mobile-hidden');
-                search.classList.add('has-results');
-            }
-            // cache length for performance
-            var foundModule = false;
-            var searchModuleIndexLength = searchModuleIndex.length;
-            var ul = document.createElement('ul');
-            search.appendChild(ul);
-            for (var i = 0; i < searchModuleIndexLength; i++) {
-                // no toLowerCase needed because modules are always lowercase
-                var title = searchModuleIndex[i];
-                if (title.indexOf(searchValue) === -1) {
-                    continue
-                }
-                foundModule = true;
-                // [description, link]
-                var data = searchModuleData[i];
-                var description = data[0];
-                var link = data[1];
-                var el = createSearchResult({
-                    link: link,
-                    title: title,
-                    description: description,
-                    badge: 'module',
-                });
-                ul.appendChild(el);
-            }
-            if (foundModule) {
-                var hr = document.createElement('hr');
-                hr.classList.add('separator');
-                search.appendChild(hr);
-            }
-            var searchIndexLength = searchIndex.length;
-            var results = [];
-            for (var i = 0; i < searchIndexLength; i++) {
-                var title = searchIndex[i];
-                if (title.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchValue) === -1) {
-                    continue
-                }
-                // [badge, description, link]
-                var data = searchData[i];
-                var badge = data[0];
-                var description = data[1];
-                var link = data[2];
-                var prefix = data[3];
-                results.push({
-                    badge: badge,
-                    description: description,
-                    link: link,
-                    title: prefix + ' ' + title,
-                });
-            }
-            results.sort(function (a, b) {
-                if (a.title < b.title) {
-                    return -1;
-                }
-                if (a.title > b.title) {
-                    return 1;
-                }
-                return 0;
-            });
-            var ul = document.createElement('ul');
-            search.appendChild(ul);
-            for (var i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
-                var result = results[i];
-                var el = createSearchResult(result);
-                ul.appendChild(el);
-            }
-        }
-    });
-    searchInput.addEventListener('input', onInputChange);
+	const searchInput = document.getElementById('search');
+	const onInputChange = debounce((e) => {
+		const searchValue = e.target.value.toLowerCase();
+		const docNav = document.querySelector('.doc-nav');
+		const menu = docNav.querySelector('.content');
+		const search = docNav.querySelector('.search');
+		if (searchValue === '') {
+			// reset to default
+			menu.style.display = '';
+			if (!search.classList.contains('hidden')) {
+				search.classList.add('hidden');
+				search.classList.remove('has-results');
+			}
+		} else if (searchValue.length >= 2) {
+			// search for less than 2 characters can display too much results
+			search.innerHTML = '';
+			menu.style.display = 'none';
+			if (search.classList.contains('hidden')) {
+				search.classList.remove('hidden');
+				search.classList.remove('mobile-hidden');
+				search.classList.add('has-results');
+			}
+			// cache length for performance
+			let foundModule = false;
+			const ul = document.createElement('ul');
+			search.appendChild(ul);
+			for (const [i, title] of searchModuleIndex.entries()) {
+				// no toLowerCase needed because modules are always lowercase
+				if (title.indexOf(searchValue) === -1) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				foundModule = true;
+				// [description, link]
+				const data = searchModuleData[i];
+				const el = createSearchResult({
+					badge: 'module',
+					description: data[0],
+					link: data[1],
+					title: title,
+				});
+				ul.appendChild(el);
+			}
+			if (foundModule) {
+				const hr = document.createElement('hr');
+				hr.classList.add('separator');
+				search.appendChild(hr);
+			}
+			let results = [];
+			for (const [i, title] of searchIndex.entries()) {
+				if (title.toLowerCase().indexOf(searchValue) === -1) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				// [badge, description, link]
+				const data = searchData[i];
+				results.push({
+					badge: data[0],
+					description: data[1],
+					link: data[2],
+					title: data[3] + ' ' + title,
+				});
+			}
+			results.sort((a, b) => (a.title < b.title ? -1 : a.title > b.title ? 1 : 0));
+			const ul_ = document.createElement('ul');
+			search.appendChild(ul_);
+			results.forEach((result) => {
+				const el = createSearchResult(result);
+				ul_.appendChild(el);
+			});
+		}
+	});
+	searchInput.addEventListener('input', onInputChange);
 }
 
 function createSearchResult(data) {
-    var li = document.createElement('li');
-    li.classList.add('result');
-    var a = document.createElement('a');
-    a.href = data.link;
-    a.classList.add('link');
-    li.appendChild(a);
-    var defintion = document.createElement('div');
-    defintion.classList.add('definition');
-    a.appendChild(defintion);
-    if (data.description) {
-        var description = document.createElement('div');
-        description.classList.add('description');
-        description.textContent = data.description;
-        a.appendChild(description);
-    }
-    var title = document.createElement('span');
-    title.classList.add('title');
-    title.textContent = data.title;
-    defintion.appendChild(title);
-    var badge = document.createElement('badge');
-    badge.classList.add('badge');
-    badge.textContent = data.badge;
-    defintion.appendChild(badge);
-    return li;
+	const li = document.createElement('li');
+	li.classList.add('result');
+	const a = document.createElement('a');
+	a.href = data.link;
+	a.classList.add('link');
+	li.appendChild(a);
+	const defintion = document.createElement('div');
+	defintion.classList.add('definition');
+	a.appendChild(defintion);
+	if (data.description) {
+		const description = document.createElement('div');
+		description.classList.add('description');
+		description.textContent = data.description;
+		a.appendChild(description);
+	}
+	const title = document.createElement('span');
+	title.classList.add('title');
+	title.textContent = data.title;
+	defintion.appendChild(title);
+	const badge = document.createElement('badge');
+	badge.classList.add('badge');
+	badge.textContent = data.badge;
+	defintion.appendChild(badge);
+	return li;
 }
 
 function setupCollapse() {
-    var dropdownArrows = document.querySelectorAll('.dropdown-arrow');
-    for (var i = 0; i < dropdownArrows.length; i++) {
-        var dropdownArrow = dropdownArrows[i];
-        dropdownArrow.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
-            var parent = e.target.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
-            parent.classList.toggle('open');
-        });
-    }
+	const dropdownArrows = document.querySelectorAll('.dropdown-arrow');
+	dropdownArrows.forEach((arrow) => {
+		arrow.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+			const parent = e.target.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
+			parent.classList.toggle('open');
+		});
+	});
 }
 
 function debounce(func, timeout) {
-    var timer;
-    return (...args) => {
-        const next = () => func(...args);
-        if (timer) {
-            clearTimeout(timer);
-        }
-        timer = setTimeout(next, timeout > 0 ? timeout : 300);
-    }
+	let timer;
+	return (...args) => {
+		const next = () => func(...args);
+		if (timer) {
+			clearTimeout(timer);
+		}
+		timer = setTimeout(next, timeout > 0 ? timeout : 300);
+	};
 }
 
 document.addEventListener('keypress', (ev) => {
-  if (ev.key == '/') {
-    let search = document.getElementById('search');
-    ev.preventDefault();
-    search.focus();
-  }
+	if (ev.key == '/') {
+		const search = document.getElementById('search');
+		ev.preventDefault();
+		search.focus();
+	}
 });

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/favicons/site.webmanifest

@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 {
-    "name": "",
-    "short_name": "",
-    "icons": [
-        {
-            "src": "/android-chrome-192x192.png",
-            "sizes": "192x192",
-            "type": "image/png"
-        },
-        {
-            "src": "/android-chrome-512x512.png",
-            "sizes": "512x512",
-            "type": "image/png"
-        }
-    ],
-    "theme_color": "#ffffff",
-    "background_color": "#ffffff",
-    "display": "standalone"
+	"name": "",
+	"short_name": "",
+	"icons": [
+		{
+			"src": "/android-chrome-192x192.png",
+			"sizes": "192x192",
+			"type": "image/png"
+		},
+		{
+			"src": "/android-chrome-512x512.png",
+			"sizes": "512x512",
+			"type": "image/png"
+		}
+	],
+	"theme_color": "#ffffff",
+	"background_color": "#ffffff",
+	"display": "standalone"
 }

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/index.html

@@ -1,63 +1,72 @@
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html lang="en">
+	<head>
+		<meta charset="UTF-8" />
+		<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge" />
+		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+		<title>{{ title }} | vdoc</title>
+		<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" />
+		<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin />
+		<link
+			href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Jost:wght@300;400;500;600;700&display=swap"
+			rel="stylesheet"
+		/>
+		<link
+			href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=JetBrains+Mono&display=swap"
+			rel="stylesheet"
+		/>
+		<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="apple-touch-icon.png" />
+		<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="favicon-32x32.png" />
+		<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="favicon-16x16.png" />
+		<link rel="manifest" href="site.webmanifest" />
+		<link rel="mask-icon" href="safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5" />
+		<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c" />
+		<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff" />
+		{{ head_assets }}
+	</head>
 
-<head>
-  <meta charset="UTF-8">
-  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge" />
-  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-  <title>{{ title }} | vdoc</title>
-  <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
-  <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
-  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Jost:wght@300;400;500;600;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
-  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=JetBrains+Mono&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
-  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="apple-touch-icon.png">
-  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="favicon-32x32.png">
-  <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="favicon-16x16.png">
-  <link rel="manifest" href="site.webmanifest">
-  <link rel="mask-icon" href="safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5">
-  <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c">
-  <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
-  {{ head_assets }}
-</head>
-
-<body>
-  <div><a id="skip-to-content-link" href="#main-content">Skip to content</a></div>
-  <div id="page">
-    <header class="doc-nav hidden">
-      <div class="heading-container">
-        <div class="heading">
-          <div class="info">
-            <div class="module">{{ head_name }}</div>
-            <div class="toggle-version-container">
-              <span>{{ version }}</span>
-              <div id="dark-mode-toggle" role="switch" aria-checked="false" aria-label="Toggle dark mode">{{ light_icon }}{{ dark_icon }}</div>
-            </div>
-            {{ menu_icon }}
-          </div>
-          <input type="text" id="search" placeholder="Search... (beta)" autocomplete="off">
-        </div>
-      </div>
-      <nav class="search hidden"></nav>
-      <nav class="content hidden">
-        <ul>
-          {{ toc_links }}
-        </ul>
-      </nav>
-    </header>
-    <div class="doc-scrollview" id="main-content">
-      <div class="doc-container">
-        <div class="doc-content">
-          {{ contents }}
-          <div class="footer">
-            {{ footer_content }}
-          </div>
-        </div>
-        {{ right_content }}
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-  {{ footer_assets }}
-  <script async src="search_index.js"></script>
-</body>
-
+	<body>
+		<div><a id="skip-to-content-link" href="#main-content">Skip to content</a></div>
+		<div id="page">
+			<header class="doc-nav hidden">
+				<div class="heading-container">
+					<div class="heading">
+						<div class="info">
+							<div class="module">{{ head_name }}</div>
+							<div class="toggle-version-container">
+								<span>{{ version }}</span>
+								<div
+									id="dark-mode-toggle"
+									role="switch"
+									aria-checked="false"
+									aria-label="Toggle dark mode"
+								>
+									{{ light_icon }}{{ dark_icon }}
+								</div>
+							</div>
+							{{ menu_icon }}
+						</div>
+						<input type="text" id="search" placeholder="Search... (beta)" autocomplete="off" />
+					</div>
+				</div>
+				<nav class="search hidden"></nav>
+				<nav class="content hidden">
+					<ul>
+						{{ toc_links }}
+					</ul>
+				</nav>
+			</header>
+			<div class="doc-scrollview" id="main-content">
+				<div class="doc-container">
+					<div class="doc-content">
+						{{ contents }}
+						<div class="footer">{{ footer_content }}</div>
+					</div>
+					{{ right_content }}
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		</div>
+		{{ footer_assets }}
+		<script async src="search_index.js"></script>
+	</body>
 </html>

cmd/tools/vdoc/theme/normalize.css

@@ -91,24 +91,24 @@ select {
 }
 
 button,
-[type="button"],
-[type="reset"],
-[type="submit"] {
+[type='button'],
+[type='reset'],
+[type='submit'] {
 	-webkit-appearance: button;
 }
 
 button::-moz-focus-inner,
-[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
-[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
-[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
+[type='button']::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type='reset']::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type='submit']::-moz-focus-inner {
 	border-style: none;
 	padding: 0;
 }
 
 button:-moz-focusring,
-[type="button"]:-moz-focusring,
-[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring,
-[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring {
+[type='button']:-moz-focusring,
+[type='reset']:-moz-focusring,
+[type='submit']:-moz-focusring {
 	outline: 1px dotted ButtonText;
 }
 
@@ -133,23 +133,23 @@ textarea {
 	overflow: auto;
 }
 
-[type="checkbox"],
-[type="radio"] {
+[type='checkbox'],
+[type='radio'] {
 	box-sizing: border-box;
 	padding: 0;
 }
 
-[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
-[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
+[type='number']::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
+[type='number']::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
 	height: auto;
 }
 
-[type="search"] {
+[type='search'] {
 	-webkit-appearance: textfield;
 	outline-offset: -2px;
 }
 
-[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
+[type='search']::-webkit-search-decoration {
 	-webkit-appearance: none;
 }
 

cmd/tools/vdoc/vdoc.v

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ const (
 	allowed_formats = ['md', 'markdown', 'json', 'text', 'stdout', 'html', 'htm']
 	vexe            = os.getenv_opt('VEXE') or { @VEXE }
 	vroot           = os.dir(vexe)
-	tabs            = ['\t\t', '\t\t\t\t\t\t', '\t\t\t\t\t\t\t']
 )
 
 enum OutputType {
@@ -233,6 +232,9 @@ fn (vd VDoc) get_readme(path string) string {
 		}
 	}
 	if fname == '' {
+		if path.all_after_last(os.path_separator) == 'src' {
+			return vd.get_readme(path.all_before_last(os.path_separator))
+		}
 		return ''
 	}
 	readme_path := os.join_path(path, '${fname}.md')

cmd/tools/vrepl.v

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ fn run_repl(workdir string, vrepl_prefix string) int {
 		if line == '' && oline.ends_with('\n') {
 			continue
 		}
-		if line.len <= -1 || line == '' || line == 'exit' {
+		if line.len <= -1 || line == 'exit' {
 			break
 		}
 		if exit_pos := line.index('exit') {

cmd/tools/vtest-all.v

@@ -180,6 +180,15 @@ fn get_all_commands() []Command {
 			okmsg: 'V can compile 2048 with -skip-unused.'
 			rmfile: 'examples/2048/2048'
 		}
+		if _ := os.find_abs_path_of_executable('emcc') {
+			res << Command{
+				line: '${vexe} -os wasm32_emscripten examples/2048'
+				okmsg: 'V can compile 2048 with -os wasm32_emscripten, using emcc.'
+				rmfile: 'examples/2048/2048'
+			}
+		} else {
+			println('> emcc not found, skipping `v -os wasm32_emscripten examples/2048`.')
+		}
 		res << Command{
 			line: '${vexe} -skip-unused  -live examples/hot_reload/bounce.v'
 			okmsg: 'V can compile the hot code reloading bounce.v example with both: -skip-unused -live'

cmd/tools/vvet/vet_test.v

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ fn check_path(vexe string, dir string, tests []string) int {
 			println(found)
 			println('============\n')
 			println('diff:')
-			println(diff.color_compare_strings(diff_cmd, rand.ulid(), found, expected))
+			println(diff.color_compare_strings(diff_cmd, rand.ulid(), expected, found))
 			println('============\n')
 			nb_fail++
 		} else {

examples/js_dom_cube/README.md

@@ -1,150 +1,148 @@
-# Serve
+# JS DOM Cube
 
-This project has a no dependence serve in `./server.js` path.
-That can be run with `node` command after build.
+## Compiling
 
-or just run: `npm run start`
-
-To install node, you can access node [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 
-or [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager)
-Drawing with mouse events using DOM API. Adopted from MDN examples.
-
-# Compiling
 ```
 v -b js_browser examples/js_dom_cube/cube.js.v
 ```
 
-Drawing with mouse events using DOM API. Adopted from MDN examples.
-Then you can open `index.html` with your favourite browser.
-# Serve examples
+Then you can open `index.html` in your favorite browser.
 
-### JS server
-After run `npm init -y` code and genared `./package.json`
-You can put `start` and `build` at script in jason leaf.
-`path './package.json'`
-```json
-  "scripts": {
-    "start": "npm run build && node server.js",
-    "build":"v -b js_browser cube.js.v"
-  },
+## Serve Examples
+
+### JS Server
+
+> **NOTE**\
+> The JS server example in the following steps requires Node.js.
+> To install Node, please refer to the [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
+> or the installation via your operating systems [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager).
+
+Initialize the example as a Node project
 
 ```
-here is the pure javascript server code
-`path './server.js'`
+cd examples/js_dom_cube/
+npm init -y
+```
+
+Add a `start` and `build` script to the generated `./package.json` file.
+
+```json
+  "scripts": {
+    ...
+    "start": "npm run build && node server.js",
+    "build": "v -b js_browser cube.js.v"
+  },
+```
+
+Below is an example of a Node.js server without external dependencies.
+You can use it for `./server.js`.
 
 ```javascript
-const http = require("http");
-const fs = require("fs");
+const http = require('http');
+const fs = require('fs');
 var path = require('path');
 
-const host = "localhost";
+const host = 'localhost';
 const port = 3000;
 
 const reqListener = function (req, res) {
-    console.log('[route] - ', req.url);
+	console.log('[route] - ', req.url);
 
-    var filePath = '.' + req.url;
-    if (filePath == './') {
-        filePath = './index.html';
-    }
+	var filePath = '.' + req.url;
+	if (filePath == './') {
+		filePath = './index.html';
+	}
 
-    var extname = String(path.extname(filePath)).toLowerCase();
-    var mimeTypes = {
-        '.html': 'text/html',
-        '.js': 'text/javascript',
-        '.css': 'text/css',
-        '.json': 'application/json',
-        '.png': 'image/png',
-        '.jpg': 'image/jpg',
-        '.gif': 'image/gif',
-        '.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
-        '.wav': 'audio/wav',
-        '.mp4': 'video/mp4',
-        '.woff': 'application/font-woff',
-        '.ttf': 'application/font-ttf',
-        '.eot': 'application/vnd.ms-fontobject',
-        '.otf': 'application/font-otf',
-        '.wasm': 'application/wasm'
-    };
+	var extname = String(path.extname(filePath)).toLowerCase();
+	var mimeTypes = {
+		'.html': 'text/html',
+		'.js': 'text/javascript',
+		'.css': 'text/css',
+		'.json': 'application/json',
+		'.png': 'image/png',
+		'.jpg': 'image/jpg',
+		'.gif': 'image/gif',
+		'.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
+		'.wav': 'audio/wav',
+		'.mp4': 'video/mp4',
+		'.woff': 'application/font-woff',
+		'.ttf': 'application/font-ttf',
+		'.eot': 'application/vnd.ms-fontobject',
+		'.otf': 'application/font-otf',
+		'.wasm': 'application/wasm',
+	};
 
-    var contentType = mimeTypes[extname] || 'application/octet-stream';
+	var contentType = mimeTypes[extname] || 'application/octet-stream';
 
-    fs.readFile(filePath, function(error, content) {
-        if (error) {
-            if(error.code == 'ENOENT') {
-                fs.readFile('./404.html', function(error, content) {
-                    res.writeHead(404, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' });
-                    res.end(content, 'utf-8');
-                });
-            }
-            else {
-                res.writeHead(500);
-                res.end('Sorry, check with the site admin for error: '+error.code+' ..\n');
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': contentType });
-            res.end(content, 'utf-8');
-        }
-    });
+	fs.readFile(filePath, function (error, content) {
+		if (error) {
+			if (error.code == 'ENOENT') {
+				fs.readFile('./404.html', function (error, content) {
+					res.writeHead(404, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' });
+					res.end(content, 'utf-8');
+				});
+			} else {
+				res.writeHead(500);
+				res.end('Sorry, check with the site admin for error: ' + error.code + ' ..\n');
+			}
+		} else {
+			res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': contentType });
+			res.end(content, 'utf-8');
+		}
+	});
 };
 
 const server = http.createServer(reqListener);
 server.listen(port, host, () => {
-  console.log(`Server is running on http://${host}:${port}`);
+	console.log(`Server is running on http://${host}:${port}`);
 });
-
 ```
 
-This project has a no dependence serve in `./server.js` path.
-That can be run with `node` command after build.
-
-or just run: `npm run start`
-
-To install node, you can access node [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 
-or [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager)
+Now you can build and run the project with the added scripts.
 
+```sh
+npm run build
+npm run start
 ```
-$ cd examples/js_dom_draw/
-$ npm run build
-```
-
 
 ### V server
-```v ignore
+
+The example below uses `vweb` to serve the project.
+
+```v
 module main
 
 import vweb
 import os
 
 const (
-    http_port = 3001
+	http_port = 3001
 )
 
 struct App {
-    vweb.Context
+	vweb.Context
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    vweb.run(new_app(), http_port)
+	vweb.run(new_app(), http_port)
 }
 
 pub fn (mut app App) before_request() {
-    // This build server json files
-    os.execute_or_panic('v -b js_browser cube.js.v ')
+	// Build the cube.js javascript file
+	os.execute_or_panic('v -b js_browser cube.js.v ')
 }
 
 fn new_app() &App {
-    mut app := &App{}
-    app.serve_static('/favicon.ico', 'favicon.ico')
-    app.serve_static('/cube.js', 'cube.js')
-    app.mount_static_folder_at(os.resource_abs_path('.'), '/')
-    return app
+	mut app := &App{}
+	app.serve_static('/favicon.ico', 'favicon.ico')
+	app.serve_static('/cube.js', 'cube.js')
+	app.mount_static_folder_at(os.resource_abs_path('.'), '/')
+	return app
 }
 
 ['/'; get]
 pub fn (mut app App) controller_get_all_task() vweb.Result {
-    file :=os.read_file('./index.html') or { panic(err) }
-    return app.html(file)
+	file := os.read_file('./index.html') or { panic(err) }
+	return app.html(file)
 }
-```
+```

examples/js_dom_draw/README.md

@@ -1,140 +1,150 @@
-Drawing with mouse events using DOM API. Adopted from MDN examples.
+# JS DOM Draw
 
-# Compiling
-```
+Drawing with mouse events using the DOM API. Adopted from MDN examples.
+
+## Compiling
+
+```sh
 v -b js_browser examples/js_dom_draw/draw.js.v
 ```
 
-Then you can open `index.html` with your favourite browser.
-# Serve examples
+Then you can open `index.html` in your favorite browser.
 
-### JS server
-After run `npm init -y` code and genared `./package.json`
-You can put `start` and `build` at script in jason leaf.
-`path './package.json'`
-```json
-  "scripts": {
-    "start": "npm run build && node server.js",
-    "build":"v -b js_browser draw.js.v"
-  },
+## Serve Examples
+
+### JS Server
+
+> **NOTE**\
+> The JS server example in the following steps requires Node.js.
+> To install Node, please refer to the [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
+> or the installation via your operating systems [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager).
+
+Initialize the example as a Node project
 
 ```
-here is the pure javascript server code
-`path './server.js'`
+cd examples/js_dom_draw/
+npm init -y
+```
+
+Add a `start` and `build` script to the generated `./package.json` file.
+
+```json
+  "scripts": {
+    ...
+    "start": "npm run build && node server.js",
+    "build": "v -b js_browser draw.js.v"
+  },
+```
+
+Below is an example of a Node.js server without external dependencies.
+You can use it for `./server.js`.
 
 ```javascript
-const http = require("http");
-const fs = require("fs");
+const http = require('http');
+const fs = require('fs');
 var path = require('path');
 
-const host = "localhost";
+const host = 'localhost';
 const port = 3000;
 
 const reqListener = function (req, res) {
-    console.log('[route] - ', req.url);
+	console.log('[route] - ', req.url);
 
-    var filePath = '.' + req.url;
-    if (filePath == './') {
-        filePath = './index.html';
-    }
+	var filePath = '.' + req.url;
+	if (filePath == './') {
+		filePath = './index.html';
+	}
 
-    var extname = String(path.extname(filePath)).toLowerCase();
-    var mimeTypes = {
-        '.html': 'text/html',
-        '.js': 'text/javascript',
-        '.css': 'text/css',
-        '.json': 'application/json',
-        '.png': 'image/png',
-        '.jpg': 'image/jpg',
-        '.gif': 'image/gif',
-        '.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
-        '.wav': 'audio/wav',
-        '.mp4': 'video/mp4',
-        '.woff': 'application/font-woff',
-        '.ttf': 'application/font-ttf',
-        '.eot': 'application/vnd.ms-fontobject',
-        '.otf': 'application/font-otf',
-        '.wasm': 'application/wasm'
-    };
+	var extname = String(path.extname(filePath)).toLowerCase();
+	var mimeTypes = {
+		'.html': 'text/html',
+		'.js': 'text/javascript',
+		'.css': 'text/css',
+		'.json': 'application/json',
+		'.png': 'image/png',
+		'.jpg': 'image/jpg',
+		'.gif': 'image/gif',
+		'.svg': 'image/svg+xml',
+		'.wav': 'audio/wav',
+		'.mp4': 'video/mp4',
+		'.woff': 'application/font-woff',
+		'.ttf': 'application/font-ttf',
+		'.eot': 'application/vnd.ms-fontobject',
+		'.otf': 'application/font-otf',
+		'.wasm': 'application/wasm',
+	};
 
-    var contentType = mimeTypes[extname] || 'application/octet-stream';
+	var contentType = mimeTypes[extname] || 'application/octet-stream';
 
-    fs.readFile(filePath, function(error, content) {
-        if (error) {
-            if(error.code == 'ENOENT') {
-                fs.readFile('./404.html', function(error, content) {
-                    res.writeHead(404, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' });
-                    res.end(content, 'utf-8');
-                });
-            }
-            else {
-                res.writeHead(500);
-                res.end('Sorry, check with the site admin for error: '+error.code+' ..\n');
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': contentType });
-            res.end(content, 'utf-8');
-        }
-    });
+	fs.readFile(filePath, function (error, content) {
+		if (error) {
+			if (error.code == 'ENOENT') {
+				fs.readFile('./404.html', function (error, content) {
+					res.writeHead(404, { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' });
+					res.end(content, 'utf-8');
+				});
+			} else {
+				res.writeHead(500);
+				res.end('Sorry, check with the site admin for error: ' + error.code + ' ..\n');
+			}
+		} else {
+			res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': contentType });
+			res.end(content, 'utf-8');
+		}
+	});
 };
 
 const server = http.createServer(reqListener);
 server.listen(port, host, () => {
-  console.log(`Server is running on http://${host}:${port}`);
+	console.log(`Server is running on http://${host}:${port}`);
 });
-
 ```
 
-This project has a no dependence serve in `./server.js` path.
-That can be run with `node` command after build.
-
-or just run: `npm run start`
-
-To install node, you can access node [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) 
-or [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager)
+Now you can build and run the project with the added scripts.
 
+```sh
+npm run build
+npm run start
 ```
-$ cd examples/js_dom_draw/
-$ npm run build
-```
-
 
 ### V server
-```v ignore
+
+The example below uses `vweb` to serve the project.
+
+```v
 module main
 
 import vweb
 import os
 
 const (
-    http_port = 3001
+	http_port = 3001
 )
 
 struct App {
-    vweb.Context
+	vweb.Context
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    vweb.run(new_app(), http_port)
+	vweb.run(new_app(), http_port)
 }
 
 pub fn (mut app App) before_request() {
-    // This build server json files
-    os.execute_or_panic('v -b js_browser draw.js.v ')
+	// Build the draw.js javascript file
+	os.execute_or_panic('v -b js_browser draw.js.v ')
 }
 
 fn new_app() &App {
-    mut app := &App{}
-    app.serve_static('/favicon.ico', 'favicon.ico')
-    app.serve_static('/draw.js', 'draw.js')
-    app.mount_static_folder_at(os.resource_abs_path('.'), '/')
-    return app
+	mut app := &App{}
+	app.serve_static('/favicon.ico', 'favicon.ico')
+	app.serve_static('/draw.js', 'draw.js')
+	app.mount_static_folder_at(os.resource_abs_path('.'), '/')
+	return app
 }
 
 ['/'; get]
 pub fn (mut app App) controller_get_all_task() vweb.Result {
-    file :=os.read_file('./index.html') or { panic(err) }
-    return app.html(file)
+	file := os.read_file('./index.html') or { panic(err) }
+	return app.html(file)
 }
-```
+```

examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/README.md

@@ -1,35 +1,57 @@
+# JS DOM Benchmark Chart
+
 ![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/63821277/186010833-2ea36f3a-4738-4025-9b23-ac62afe74b81.png)
 
-# To run app
-## From root
-- run typescript project
-`npm i --prefix examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/typescript_vanilla_typeorm`
-`npm run start:dev --prefix examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/typescript_vanilla_typeorm`
+## Running the App
 
-- run v project
-`v run examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/v_vweb_orm `
+> **NOTE**\
+> The following steps require Node.js.
+> To install Node, please refer to the [download page](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)
+> or the installation via your operating systems [package manager](https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager).
 
-- running v chart
-`cd examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/chart && v run .`
+The steps below assume that your current directory path is the examples project directory.
 
-Dockerfile
-[docker build]=> Docker image
-[docker run]=> Docker container
+```
+cd examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart
+```
 
-`sudo docker build -t <name> .`
+Execute the following commands in separate terminal instances.
 
-`sudo docker run --name <container name> --interactive --tty --publish 3001:3001 <name>`
+Run the Benchmarks Typescript Part
 
-`v run .`
+```sh
+npm i --prefix typescript_vanilla_typeorm
+npm run start:dev --prefix typescript_vanilla_typeorm
+```
 
-A message like `[Vweb] Running app on http://localhost:3001/` should appear
+Run the Benchmarks V Part
 
-`exit`
+```sh
+v run v_vweb_orm
+```
 
-# To implement new benchmarks in v
+Run the Chart
 
-In `examples/js_dom_draw_bechmark_chart/v_vweb_orm/src/main.v` path
-Create a route returning a `Response` struct like:
+```
+cd chart/ && v run .
+```
+
+## Dockerfile
+
+> [docker build] => Docker image\
+> [docker run] => Docker container
+
+```sh
+sudo docker build -t <name> .
+sudo docker run --name <container name> --interactive --tty --publish 3001:3001 <name>
+v run .
+# A message like `[Vweb] Running app on http://localhost:3001/` should appear
+exit
+```
+
+## Implementing New Benchmarks in V
+
+In `v_vweb_orm/src/main.v`, create a route that returns a `Response` struct.
 
 ```v ignore
 ['/sqlite-memory/:count']
@@ -65,18 +87,17 @@ pub fn (mut app App) sqlite_memory(count int) vweb.Result {
 	}!
 
 	response := Response{
-		insert:	insert_stopwatchs
-		@select:select_stopwatchs
-		update:	update_stopwatchs
+		insert: insert_stopwatchs
+		@select: select_stopwatchs
+		update: update_stopwatchs
 	}
 	return app.json(response)
 }
-
 ```
 
-In `examples/chart/services.v` path
-Create a service to request the benchmarks data by http
-Decode the info to `FrameworkBenchmarkResponse`
+In `chart/main.v`, create a service to request the benchmark data and decode the response as
+`FrameworkBenchmarkResponse`.
+
 ```v ignore
 fn typescript_sqlite_memory() ?FrameworkBenchmarkResponse {
 	url := 'http://localhost:3000/sqlite-memory/${benchmark_loop_length}'
@@ -86,26 +107,13 @@ fn typescript_sqlite_memory() ?FrameworkBenchmarkResponse {
 }
 ```
 
-In `examples/chart/main.v` path
-Create a service to request the benchmarks data by http
-Decode the info to `FrameworkBenchmarkResponse`
-```v ignore
-fn typescript_sqlite_memory() ?FrameworkBenchmarkResponse {
-	url := 'http://localhost:3000/sqlite-memory/${benchmark_loop_length}'
-	res := http.get(url) or { panic(err) }
-	framework_benchmark_response := json.decode(FrameworkBenchmarkResponse, res.body)!
-	return framework_benchmark_response
-}
-```
-Then, update:
-`insert_framework_benchmark_times()`;
-`select_framework_benchmark_times()`;
-`update_framework_benchmark_times()`.
-with the new function
+Then update `insert_framework_benchmark_times()`, `select_framework_benchmark_times()` and
+`update_framework_benchmark_times()` to include the `numbers := FrameworkPlatform{` for the newly
+added function.
 
+## Roadmap
 
-
-# ROADMAP
 02/09/2022
+
 - [ ] select bench (easy)
 - [ ] vsql (easy)

examples/ssl_server/cert/ca.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDbTCCAlWgAwIBAgIUTbcFMmB84wg6eqDRJbmo49aOTdMwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEL
+BQAwRTELMAkGA1UEBhMCQVUxEzARBgNVBAgMClNvbWUtU3RhdGUxITAfBgNVBAoM
+GEludGVybmV0IFdpZGdpdHMgUHR5IEx0ZDAgFw0yMzA3MzAxNzM0MThaGA8yMDUw
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+ITAfBgNVBAoMGEludGVybmV0IFdpZGdpdHMgUHR5IEx0ZDCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcN
+AQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBANPfvg3G/3+j2NX5qDf0gw9iSnCiUa1T1inxlnfP
+vMVINDkH22yUSeValyuIrpF94m23ANo0yOXQJxbIt8PbwaRYTq1EzxlGkkXUHob3
+m1qJLH1qLacJeLMPj3J7kUXVWL65Qb7d2gtwMvegJ5I5U4ntLjXAmIV4z4PpZ2tP
+MsERacj/alb0EDS77P4JcbRzYvP/3FyFokel5TF/nLV3hXc5Eu6LjCzbEEus1MLd
+rgcpODUlw8Gf0M0nAjxijVpXAVo6XYRQ/00+zjPaKxjtQ/ds/O7zRTNxnUVvh1oH
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+XyHFZ/zGgZU4kGc7MA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEB
+AJYSckwJSZlj8baEMvAJLs55Bm5wR1QZaj7mz8tBxK8zd9PdW3fTebil6jtGLpXT
+CHi+vaa5HsM2QXnYaZCSlawD3WWZ+LZ9lJVuWC+iWfRq6TC/gEd+3zCE70CeeAAu
+0pZC2Luvvgm5a6qfKoA4lEvlB2Yr0pX2GhXYOGvIeSMWpohKyKmiJEi83kJvzjnl
+BsFIR6FB1wO2+nrfLCzmjwPQx0ie2h+fPwf5Y2C0pPBYVwXpP94EEZW+lQgPXx5I
+6X8HPVNMtu4lToe746ctQlA4YDwge5mmiGUgF95Y3/O9Z2vjPqeN826oR89YFFZF
+JFtrrBskGW5fOzKOXLc96pE=
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

examples/ssl_server/cert/client.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+drAVnWJpZEeWW98ZeVfyYglqWc9G8McYpiKeac9WF+gga8F2Cn3RjMvufqr0Ggcy
+byytgJeLolukhTV/JJk8o+CUAB2xgk8+DVEiZ+7G4L/4V613VmL1B+jRHWknO/Js
+uArppuSduvmkakWOGMBGLUPUcep/vIepHByjOeq1czsdrsLokjBXjMAwXAVRSkBs
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+ae4/jRb8ut9AqOxZRUsBzT8MJXg4cFec8qrhPe3abzxN4amqOxlj
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

examples/ssl_server/cert/client.key

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIJKAIBAAKCAgEA6g5hzTHrAUOkv2VPsVuLDtfEPln71xGjHRHzeQ/MMmsz95gO
+1U7DY5Yh6yxQ4mk1/XUfSbPksKpi6WU2aMQc5+sA7rjPX7MLyEp1REYGWXRWrJZI
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+YiD+pFrDPV+TnthZuV2jmzJQnVhyAT9mgeYtmamFCk5fLihMaXqG3LJqbx4km7QA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+ZTHGSFjWif70uphM+JXSU5WcFEBsufVTFJKEnBf6c9hl8g5zqmxKwuGox1g=
+-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

examples/ssl_server/cert/server.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+No extensions in certificate
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

examples/ssl_server/cert/server.key

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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=
+-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

examples/ssl_server/client.v

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import io
+import os
+import net.mbedtls
+
+fn main() {
+	mut client := mbedtls.new_ssl_conn(mbedtls.SSLConnectConfig{
+		verify: os.resource_abs_path('cert/ca.crt')
+		cert: os.resource_abs_path('cert/client.crt')
+		cert_key: os.resource_abs_path('cert/client.key')
+		validate: true
+	})!
+
+	client.dial('localhost', 8443)!
+	client.write_string('GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n')!
+	mut reader := io.new_buffered_reader(reader: client)
+	println(reader.read_line()!)
+}

examples/ssl_server/server.v

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import io
+import os
+import net.mbedtls
+
+fn main() {
+	mut server := mbedtls.new_ssl_listener('0.0.0.0:8443', mbedtls.SSLConnectConfig{
+		verify: os.resource_abs_path('cert/ca.crt')
+		cert: os.resource_abs_path('cert/server.crt')
+		cert_key: os.resource_abs_path('cert/server.key')
+		validate: true // mTLS
+	})!
+
+	mut client := server.accept()!
+	mut reader := io.new_buffered_reader(reader: client)
+	mut request := reader.read_line()!
+	println(request)
+	client.write_string('HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n')!
+	client.shutdown()!
+	server.shutdown()!
+}

tutorials/building_a_simple_web_blog_with_vweb/README.md

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ V projects can be created anywhere and don't need to have a certain structure:
 ```bash
 mkdir blog
 cd blog
-v init
+touch blog.v
 ```
 
 First, let's create a simple hello world website:
@@ -203,11 +203,11 @@ since a DB connection doesn't have to be set up for each request.
 // blog.v
 fn main() {
 	mut app := App{
-		db: sqlite.connect(':memory:') or { panic(err) }
+		db: sqlite.connect(':memory:')!
 	}
 	sql app.db {
 		create table Article
-	}
+	}!
 
 	first_article := Article{
 		title: 'Hello, world!'
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ fn main() {
 	sql app.db {
 		insert first_article into Article
 		insert second_article into Article
-	}
+	}!
 	vweb.run(app, 8080)
 }
 ```
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ struct Article {
 pub fn (app &App) find_all_articles() []Article {
 	return sql app.db {
 		select from Article
-	}
+	} or { panic(err) }
 }
 ```
 
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ For example, if we only wanted to find articles with ids between 100 and 200, we
 
 return sql app.db {
 	select from Article where id >= 100 && id <= 200
-}
+} or { panic(err) }
 ```
 
 Retrieving a single article is very simple:
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ Retrieving a single article is very simple:
 pub fn (app &App) retrieve_article() ?Article {
 	return sql app.db {
 		select from Article limit 1
-	}
+	} or { panic(err) }[0]
 }
 ```
 
@@ -308,9 +308,8 @@ bad queries will always be handled by the developer:
 
 ```v ignore
 // article.v
-article := app.retrieve_article(10) or {
-	app.text('Article not found')
-	return
+article := app.retrieve_article() or {
+	return app.text('Article not found')
 }
 ```
 
@@ -349,7 +348,7 @@ pub fn (mut app App) new_article(title string, text string) vweb.Result {
 	println(article)
 	sql app.db {
 		insert article into Article
-	}
+	} or { panic(err) }
 	return app.redirect('/')
 }
 ```
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@ If one wants to persist data they need to use a file instead of memory SQLite Da
 Replace the db setup code with this instead:
 
 ```
-db: sqlite.connect('blog.db') or { panic(err) }
+db: sqlite.connect('blog.db')!
 ```
 
 As we can see it attempts to open a file in the current directory named `blog.db`.

vlib/builtin/string.v

@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ pub fn (s string) split_nth(delim string, nth int) []string {
 			i = 1
 			for ch in s {
 				if nth > 0 && i >= nth {
-					res << s[i..]
+					res << s[i - 1..]
 					break
 				}
 				res << ch.ascii_str()
@@ -938,7 +938,7 @@ pub fn (s string) rsplit_nth(delim string, nth int) []string {
 		0 {
 			for i >= 0 {
 				if nth > 0 && res.len == nth - 1 {
-					res << s[..i]
+					res << s[..i + 1]
 					break
 				}
 				res << s[i].ascii_str()

vlib/builtin/string_test.v

@@ -183,6 +183,15 @@ fn test_split_nth() {
 	assert e.split_nth(',,', 3).len == 3
 	assert e.split_nth(',', -1).len == 12
 	assert e.split_nth(',', 3).len == 3
+	f := '1:2:3'
+	assert f.split_nth(':', 2) == ['1', '2:3']
+	assert f.rsplit_nth(':', 2) == ['3', '1:2']
+	g := '123'
+	assert g.split_nth('', 2) == ['1', '23']
+	assert g.rsplit_nth('', 2) == ['3', '12']
+	h := ''
+	assert h.split_nth('', 2) == []
+	assert h.rsplit_nth('', 2) == []
 }
 
 fn test_rsplit_nth() {

vlib/cli/command.v

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ pub mut:
 	description     string
 	man_description string
 	version         string
-	pre_execute     FnCommandCallback
-	execute         FnCommandCallback
-	post_execute    FnCommandCallback
+	pre_execute     FnCommandCallback = unsafe { nil }
+	execute         FnCommandCallback = unsafe { nil }
+	post_execute    FnCommandCallback = unsafe { nil }
 	disable_help    bool
 	disable_man     bool
 	disable_version bool

vlib/crypto/sha512/sha512.v

@@ -151,17 +151,17 @@ pub fn new() &Digest {
 }
 
 // new512_224 returns a new Digest (implementing hash.Hash) computing the SHA-512/224 checksum.
-fn new512_224() &Digest {
+pub fn new512_224() &Digest {
 	return new_digest(.sha512_224)
 }
 
 // new512_256 returns a new Digest (implementing hash.Hash) computing the SHA-512/256 checksum.
-fn new512_256() &Digest {
+pub fn new512_256() &Digest {
 	return new_digest(.sha512_256)
 }
 
 // new384 returns a new Digest (implementing hash.Hash) computing the SHA-384 checksum.
-fn new384() &Digest {
+pub fn new384() &Digest {
 	return new_digest(.sha384)
 }
 

vlib/datatypes/bloom_filter.v

@@ -4,13 +4,22 @@ module datatypes
 
 [heap]
 struct BloomFilter[T] {
-	hash_func     fn (T) u32 // hash function, input [T] , output u32
-	table_size    int        // every entry is one-bit, packed into `table`
-	num_functions int        // 1~16
+	// TODO V bug
+	hash_func fn (T) u32 = unsafe { nil } // hash function, input [T] , output u32
+	// hash_func     fn (T) u32 = empty_cb // hash function, input [T] , output u32
+	table_size    int // every entry is one-bit, packed into `table`
+	num_functions int // 1~16
 mut:
 	table []u8
 }
 
+/*
+TODO maybe allow pointing to generic fns?
+fn empty_cb[T](x T) u32 {
+	panic('empty BloomFilter.hash_func callback')
+}
+*/
+
 const (
 	// Salt values(random values).  These salts are XORed with the output of the hash function to give multiple unique hashes.
 	salts = [

vlib/db/pg/README.md

@@ -51,3 +51,14 @@ Read this section to learn how to install and connect to PostgreSQL
 [*Windows*](https://www.postgresqltutorial.com/install-postgresql);
 [*Linux*](https://www.postgresqltutorial.com/postgresql-getting-started/install-postgresql-linux);
 [*macOS*](https://www.postgresqltutorial.com/postgresql-getting-started/install-postgresql-macos).
+
+## Using Parameterized Queries
+
+Parameterized queries (exec_param, etc.) in V require the use of the following syntax: ($n). 
+
+The number following the $ specifies which parameter from the argument array to use.
+
+```v ignore
+db.exec_param_many('INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES ($1, $2)', ['tom', 'securePassword']) or { panic(err) }
+db.exec_param('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ($1) limit 1', 'tom') or { panic(err) }
+```

vlib/db/pg/pg.v

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ pub fn (db DB) exec_one(query string) !Row {
 	return row
 }
 
-// exec_param_many executes a query with the provided parameters
+// exec_param_many executes a query with the parameters provided as ($1), ($2), ($n)
 pub fn (db DB) exec_param_many(query string, params []string) ![]Row {
 	unsafe {
 		mut param_vals := []&char{len: params.len}
@@ -265,12 +265,12 @@ pub fn (db DB) exec_param_many(query string, params []string) ![]Row {
 	}
 }
 
-// exec_param2 executes a query with 1 parameter, and returns either an error on failure, or the full result set on success
+// exec_param2 executes a query with 1 parameter ($1), and returns either an error on failure, or the full result set on success
 pub fn (db DB) exec_param(query string, param string) ![]Row {
 	return db.exec_param_many(query, [param])
 }
 
-// exec_param2 executes a query with 2 parameters, and returns either an error on failure, or the full result set on success
+// exec_param2 executes a query with 2 parameters ($1) and ($2), and returns either an error on failure, or the full result set on success
 pub fn (db DB) exec_param2(query string, param string, param2 string) ![]Row {
 	return db.exec_param_many(query, [param, param2])
 }

vlib/eventbus/eventbus.v

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ mut:
 
 struct EventHandler[T] {
 	name     T
-	handler  EventHandlerFn
-	receiver voidptr = unsafe { nil }
+	handler  EventHandlerFn = unsafe { nil }
+	receiver voidptr        = unsafe { nil }
 	once     bool
 }
 

vlib/fontstash/fontstash_structs.c.v

@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ pub struct C.FONSparams {
 	flags   char
 	userPtr voidptr
 	// int (*renderCreate)(void* uptr, int width, int height)
-	renderCreate fn (uptr voidptr, width int, height int) int
+	renderCreate fn (uptr voidptr, width int, height int) int = unsafe { nil }
 	// int (*renderResize)(void* uptr, int width, int height)
-	renderResize fn (uptr voidptr, width int, height int) int
+	renderResize fn (uptr voidptr, width int, height int) int = unsafe { nil }
 	// void (*renderUpdate)(void* uptr, int* rect, const unsigned char* data)
-	renderUpdate fn (uptr voidptr, rect &int, data &u8)
+	renderUpdate fn (uptr voidptr, rect &int, data &u8) = unsafe { nil }
 	// void (*renderDraw)(void* uptr, const float* verts, const float* tcoords, const unsigned int* colors, int nverts)
-	renderDraw fn (uptr voidptr, verts &f32, tcoords &f32, colors &u32, nverts int)
+	renderDraw fn (uptr voidptr, verts &f32, tcoords &f32, colors &u32, nverts int) = unsafe { nil }
 	// void (*renderDelete)(void* uptr)
-	renderDelete fn (uptr voidptr)
+	renderDelete fn (uptr voidptr) = unsafe { nil }
 }
 
 pub struct C.FONSquad {

vlib/gg/image.c.v

@@ -25,15 +25,25 @@ pub mut:
 }
 
 // create_image creates an `Image` from `file`.
-pub fn (ctx &Context) create_image(file string) !Image {
-	// println('\ncreate_image("$file")')
+pub fn (mut ctx Context) create_image(file string) !Image {
 	if !os.exists(file) {
-		return error('image file "${file}" not found')
+		$if android {
+			image_data := os.read_apk_asset(file)!
+			mut image := ctx.create_image_from_byte_array(image_data)!
+
+			image.path = file
+
+			return image
+		} $else {
+			return error('image file "${file}" not found')
+		}
 	}
+
 	$if macos {
 		if ctx.native_rendering {
 			// return C.darwin_create_image(file)
 			mut img := C.darwin_create_image(file)
+
 			// println('created macos image: $img.path w=$img.width')
 			// C.printf('p = %p\n', img.data)
 			img.id = ctx.image_cache.len
@@ -43,6 +53,7 @@ pub fn (ctx &Context) create_image(file string) !Image {
 			return img
 		}
 	}
+
 	if !gfx.is_valid() {
 		// Sokol is not initialized yet, add stbi object to a queue/cache
 		// ctx.image_queue << file

vlib/math/unsigned/uint256.v

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ pub fn (u_ Uint256) str() string {
 }
 
 // uint256_from_dec_str creates a new `unsigned.Uint256` from the given string if possible
-pub fn uint256_from_dec_str(value string) ?Uint256 {
+pub fn uint256_from_dec_str(value string) !Uint256 {
 	mut res := unsigned.uint256_zero
 	for b_ in value.bytes() {
 		b := b_ - '0'.bytes()[0]

vlib/net/mbedtls/c.v

@@ -170,7 +170,12 @@ fn C.mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&C.mbedtls_pk_context, &char, &char, voidptr, void
 
 fn C.mbedtls_net_connect(&C.mbedtls_net_context, &u8, &u8, int) int
 
-fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, &C.mbedtls_x509_crt, &C.mbedtls_pk_context)
+fn C.mbedtls_net_bind(&C.mbedtls_net_context, voidptr, &u8, int) int
+fn C.mbedtls_net_accept(&C.mbedtls_net_context, &C.mbedtls_net_context, voidptr, int, voidptr) int
+fn C.mbedtls_ssl_session_reset(&C.mbedtls_ssl_context)
+fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, int)
+
+fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, &C.mbedtls_x509_crt, &C.mbedtls_pk_context) int
 fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, int)
 fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, &C.mbedtls_x509_crt, &C.mbedtls_x509_crl)
 fn C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&C.mbedtls_ssl_config, voidptr, &C.mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context)

vlib/net/mbedtls/ssl_connection.v

@@ -45,6 +45,172 @@ mut:
 	owns_socket bool
 }
 
+// SSLListener listens on a TCP port and accepts connection secured with TLS
+pub struct SSLListener {
+	saddr  string
+	config SSLConnectConfig
+mut:
+	server_fd C.mbedtls_net_context
+	ssl       C.mbedtls_ssl_context
+	conf      C.mbedtls_ssl_config
+	certs     &SSLCerts = unsafe { nil }
+	opened    bool
+	// handle		int
+	// duration	time.Duration
+}
+
+// create a new SSLListener binding to `saddr`
+pub fn new_ssl_listener(saddr string, config SSLConnectConfig) !&SSLListener {
+	mut listener := &SSLListener{
+		saddr: saddr
+		config: config
+	}
+	listener.init()!
+	listener.opened = true
+	return listener
+}
+
+// finish the listener and clean up resources
+pub fn (mut l SSLListener) shutdown() ! {
+	$if trace_ssl ? {
+		eprintln(@METHOD)
+	}
+	if unsafe { l.certs != nil } {
+		C.mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&l.certs.cacert)
+		C.mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&l.certs.client_cert)
+		C.mbedtls_pk_free(&l.certs.client_key)
+	}
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_free(&l.ssl)
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_config_free(&l.conf)
+	if l.opened {
+		C.mbedtls_net_free(&l.server_fd)
+	}
+}
+
+// internal function to init and bind the listener
+fn (mut l SSLListener) init() ! {
+	$if trace_ssl ? {
+		eprintln(@METHOD)
+	}
+
+	lhost, lport := net.split_address(l.saddr)!
+	if l.config.cert == '' || l.config.cert_key == '' {
+		return error('No certificate or key provided')
+	}
+	if l.config.validate && l.config.verify == '' {
+		return error('No root CA provided')
+	}
+	C.mbedtls_net_init(&l.server_fd)
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_init(&l.ssl)
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&l.conf)
+	l.certs = &SSLCerts{}
+	C.mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&l.certs.client_cert)
+	C.mbedtls_pk_init(&l.certs.client_key)
+
+	unsafe {
+		C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng(&l.conf, C.mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mbedtls.ctr_drbg)
+	}
+
+	mut ret := 0
+
+	if l.config.in_memory_verification {
+		if l.config.verify != '' {
+			ret = C.mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(&l.certs.cacert, l.config.verify.str, l.config.verify.len)
+		}
+		if l.config.cert != '' {
+			ret = C.mbedtls_x509_crt_parse(&l.certs.client_cert, l.config.cert.str, l.config.cert.len)
+		}
+		if l.config.cert_key != '' {
+			unsafe {
+				ret = C.mbedtls_pk_parse_key(&l.certs.client_key, l.config.cert_key.str,
+					l.config.cert_key.len, 0, 0, C.mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mbedtls.ctr_drbg)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		if l.config.verify != '' {
+			ret = C.mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&l.certs.cacert, &char(l.config.verify.str))
+		}
+		ret = C.mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&l.certs.client_cert, &char(l.config.cert.str))
+		unsafe {
+			ret = C.mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&l.certs.client_key, &char(l.config.cert_key.str),
+				0, C.mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &mbedtls.ctr_drbg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if l.config.validate {
+		C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_authmode(&l.conf, C.MBEDTLS_SSL_VERIFY_REQUIRED)
+	}
+
+	mut bind_ip := unsafe { nil }
+	if lhost != '' {
+		bind_ip = voidptr(lhost.str)
+	}
+	bind_port := lport.str()
+
+	ret = C.mbedtls_net_bind(&l.server_fd, bind_ip, voidptr(bind_port.str), C.MBEDTLS_NET_PROTO_TCP)
+
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code("can't bind to ${l.saddr}", ret)
+	}
+
+	ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_config_defaults(&l.conf, C.MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER, C.MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_STREAM,
+		C.MBEDTLS_SSL_PRESET_DEFAULT)
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code("can't to set config defaults", ret)
+	}
+
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_ca_chain(&l.conf, &l.certs.cacert, unsafe { nil })
+	ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_conf_own_cert(&l.conf, &l.certs.client_cert, &l.certs.client_key)
+
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code("can't load certificate", ret)
+	}
+
+	ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_setup(&l.ssl, &l.conf)
+
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code("can't setup ssl", ret)
+	}
+}
+
+// accepts a new connection and returns a SSLConn of the connected client
+pub fn (mut l SSLListener) accept() !&SSLConn {
+	mut conn := &SSLConn{
+		conf: l.conf
+		config: l.config
+		opened: true
+		owns_socket: true
+	}
+
+	// TODO: save the client's IP address somewhere (maybe add a field to SSLConn ?)
+	mut ret := C.mbedtls_net_accept(&l.server_fd, &conn.server_fd, unsafe { nil }, 0,
+		unsafe { nil })
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code("can't accept connection", ret)
+	}
+
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_init(&conn.ssl)
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_config_init(&conn.conf)
+	ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_setup(&conn.ssl, &l.conf)
+
+	if ret != 0 {
+		return error_with_code('SSL setup failed', ret)
+	}
+
+	C.mbedtls_ssl_set_bio(&conn.ssl, &conn.server_fd, C.mbedtls_net_send, C.mbedtls_net_recv,
+		unsafe { nil })
+
+	ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&conn.ssl)
+	for ret != 0 {
+		if ret != C.MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ && ret != C.MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE {
+			return error_with_code('SSL handshake failed', ret)
+		}
+		ret = C.mbedtls_ssl_handshake(&conn.ssl)
+	}
+
+	return conn
+}
+
 [params]
 pub struct SSLConnectConfig {
 	verify   string // the path to a rootca.pem file, containing trusted CA certificate(s)

vlib/net/tcp.v

@@ -284,20 +284,27 @@ mut:
 	accept_deadline time.Time
 }
 
-pub fn listen_tcp(family AddrFamily, saddr string) !&TcpListener {
-	s := new_tcp_socket(family) or { return error('${err.msg()}; could not create new socket') }
+[params]
+pub struct ListenOptions {
+pub:
+	dualstack bool = true
+	backlog   int  = 128
+}
+
+pub fn listen_tcp(family AddrFamily, saddr string, options ListenOptions) !&TcpListener {
+	mut s := new_tcp_socket(family) or { return error('${err.msg()}; could not create new socket') }
+	s.set_dualstack(options.dualstack) or {}
 
 	addrs := resolve_addrs(saddr, family, .tcp) or {
 		return error('${err.msg()}; could not resolve address ${saddr}')
 	}
-
 	// TODO(logic to pick here)
 	addr := addrs[0]
 
 	// cast to the correct type
 	alen := addr.len()
 	socket_error_message(C.bind(s.handle, voidptr(&addr), alen), 'binding to ${saddr} failed')!
-	socket_error_message(C.listen(s.handle, 128), 'listening on ${saddr} failed')!
+	socket_error_message(C.listen(s.handle, options.backlog), 'listening on ${saddr} with maximum backlog pending queue of ${options.backlog}, failed')!
 	return &TcpListener{
 		sock: s
 		accept_deadline: no_deadline

vlib/net/websocket/websocket_client.v

@@ -150,9 +150,7 @@ pub fn (mut ws Client) listen() ! {
 		ws.debug_log('got message: ${msg.opcode}')
 		match msg.opcode {
 			.text_frame {
-				log_msg = 'read: text'
-				ws.debug_log(log_msg)
-				unsafe { log_msg.free() }
+				ws.debug_log('read: text')
 				ws.send_message_event(msg)
 				unsafe { msg.free() }
 			}
@@ -184,9 +182,7 @@ pub fn (mut ws Client) listen() ! {
 				}
 			}
 			.close {
-				log_msg = 'read: close'
-				ws.debug_log(log_msg)
-				unsafe { log_msg.free() }
+				ws.debug_log('read: close')
 				defer {
 					ws.manage_clean_close()
 				}

vlib/os/password_nix.c.v

@@ -13,17 +13,15 @@ pub fn input_password(prompt string) !string {
 	if termios.tcgetattr(0, mut old_state) != 0 {
 		return last_error()
 	}
-	defer {
-		termios.tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut old_state)
-		println('')
-	}
 
 	mut new_state := old_state
-
-	new_state.c_lflag &= termios.invert(C.ECHO) // Disable echoing of characters
-	termios.tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut new_state)
+	new_state.disable_echo()
+	termios.set_state(0, new_state)
 
 	password := input_opt(prompt) or { return error('Failed to read password') }
 
+	termios.set_state(0, old_state)
+
+	println('')
 	return password
 }

vlib/picoev/picoev.v

@@ -106,8 +106,6 @@ fn (mut pv Picoev) del(fd int) int {
 	}
 
 	if pv.update_events(fd, picoev.picoev_del) != 0 {
-		target.loop_id = -1
-		target.fd = 0
 		return -1
 	}
 
@@ -149,15 +147,20 @@ fn (mut pv Picoev) set_timeout(fd int, secs int) {
 // timeout event
 [direct_array_access; inline]
 fn (mut pv Picoev) handle_timeout() {
+	mut to_remove := []int{}
+
 	for fd, timeout in pv.timeouts {
 		if timeout <= pv.loop.now {
-			target := pv.file_descriptors[fd]
-			assert target.loop_id == pv.loop.id
-
-			pv.timeouts.delete(fd)
-			unsafe { target.cb(fd, picoev.picoev_timeout, &pv) }
+			to_remove << fd
 		}
 	}
+
+	for fd in to_remove {
+		target := pv.file_descriptors[fd]
+		assert target.loop_id == pv.loop.id
+		pv.timeouts.delete(fd)
+		unsafe { target.cb(fd, picoev.picoev_timeout, &pv) }
+	}
 }
 
 // accept_callback accepts a new connection from `listen_fd` and adds it to the loop

vlib/regex/regex.v

@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ mut:
 	// counters for quantifier check (repetitions)
 	rep int
 	// validator function pointer
-	validator FnValidator
+	validator FnValidator = unsafe { nil }
 	// groups variables
 	group_neg bool // negation flag for the group, 0 => no negation > 0 => negataion
 	group_rep int  // repetition of the group
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ fn (mut re RE) reset_src() {
 ******************************************************************************/
 struct BslsStruct {
 	ch        rune        // meta char
-	validator FnValidator // validator function pointer
+	validator FnValidator = unsafe { nil } // validator function pointer
 }
 
 const (
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ mut:
 	cc_type   int         // type of cc token
 	ch0       rune        // first char of the interval a-b  a in this case
 	ch1       rune        // second char of the interval a-b b in this case
-	validator FnValidator // validator function pointer
+	validator FnValidator = unsafe { nil } // validator function pointer
 }
 
 enum CharClass_parse_state {

vlib/sokol/c/declaration.c.v

@@ -6,10 +6,21 @@ pub const used_import = 1
 #flag -I @VEXEROOT/thirdparty/sokol/util
 #flag freebsd -I /usr/local/include
 #flag darwin -fobjc-arc
+
 #flag linux -lX11 -lGL -lXcursor -lXi -lpthread
 #flag freebsd -L/usr/local/lib -lX11 -lGL -lXcursor -lXi
 #flag openbsd -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lX11 -lGL -lXcursor -lXi
 #flag windows -lgdi32
+
+// Note that -lm is needed *only* for sokol_gl.h's usage of sqrtf(),
+// but without -lm, this fails:
+// `v -cc gcc ~/.vmodules/sdl/examples/sdl_opengl_and_sokol/`
+// With tcc, this succeeds with or without -lm:
+// `v ~/.vmodules/sdl/examples/sdl_opengl_and_sokol/`
+$if !tinyc {
+	#flag linux -lm
+}
+
 // METAL
 $if macos {
 	$if darwin_sokol_glcore33 ? {
@@ -19,10 +30,6 @@ $if macos {
 		#flag -framework Metal -framework Cocoa -framework MetalKit -framework QuartzCore
 	}
 }
-$if linux {
-	#flag -D SOKOL_GLCORE33
-}
-
 $if ios {
 	#flag -DSOKOL_METAL
 	#flag -framework Foundation -framework Metal -framework MetalKit -framework UIKit

vlib/sokol/gfx/gfx_allocator_and_logger.c.v

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ import sokol.memory
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sg_allocator {
 pub mut:
-	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc
-	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree
+	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc = unsafe { nil }
+	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree  = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }
 
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sg_logger {
 pub mut:
-	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb
+	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }

vlib/sokol/gfx/gfx_structs.c.v

@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ pub type GLContextDesc = C.sg_gl_context_desc
 
 struct C.sg_metal_context_desc {
 	device                   voidptr
-	renderpass_descriptor_cb fn () voidptr
-	drawable_cb              fn () voidptr
+	renderpass_descriptor_cb fn () voidptr = unsafe { nil }
+	drawable_cb              fn () voidptr = unsafe { nil }
 }
 
 pub type MetalContextDesc = C.sg_metal_context_desc
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ pub type MetalContextDesc = C.sg_metal_context_desc
 struct C.sg_d3d11_context_desc {
 	device                voidptr
 	device_context        voidptr
-	render_target_view_cb fn () voidptr
-	depth_stencil_view_cb fn () voidptr
+	render_target_view_cb fn () voidptr = unsafe { nil }
+	depth_stencil_view_cb fn () voidptr = unsafe { nil }
 }
 
 pub type D3D11ContextDesc = C.sg_d3d11_context_desc

vlib/sokol/sapp/sapp_allocator_and_logger.c.v

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ import sokol.memory
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sapp_allocator {
 pub mut:
-	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc
-	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree
+	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc = unsafe { nil }
+	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree  = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }
 
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sapp_logger {
 pub mut:
-	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb
+	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }

vlib/sokol/sapp/sapp_structs.c.v

@@ -37,18 +37,19 @@ pub type IconDesc = C.sapp_icon_desc
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sapp_desc {
 pub:
-	init_cb    fn () // these are the user-provided callbacks without user data
-	frame_cb   fn ()
-	cleanup_cb fn ()
-	event_cb   fn (&Event) //&sapp_event)
-	fail_cb    fn (&u8)
+	// these are the user-provided callbacks without user data
+	init_cb    fn ()       = unsafe { nil }
+	frame_cb   fn ()       = unsafe { nil }
+	cleanup_cb fn ()       = unsafe { nil }
+	event_cb   fn (&Event) = unsafe { nil } // &sapp_event
+	fail_cb    fn (&u8)    = unsafe { nil }
 
 	user_data           voidptr // these are the user-provided callbacks with user data
-	init_userdata_cb    fn (voidptr)
-	frame_userdata_cb   fn (voidptr)
-	cleanup_userdata_cb fn (voidptr)
-	event_userdata_cb   fn (&Event, voidptr)
-	fail_userdata_cb    fn (&char, voidptr)
+	init_userdata_cb    fn (voidptr) = unsafe { nil }
+	frame_userdata_cb   fn (voidptr) = unsafe { nil }
+	cleanup_userdata_cb fn (voidptr) = unsafe { nil }
+	event_userdata_cb   fn (&Event, voidptr) = unsafe { nil }
+	fail_userdata_cb    fn (&char, voidptr)  = unsafe { nil }
 
 	width                        int      // the preferred width of the window / canvas
 	height                       int      // the preferred height of the window / canvas

vlib/sokol/sfons/sfons_funcs.c.v

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import sokol.memory
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sfons_allocator_t {
 pub:
-	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc
-	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree
+	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc = unsafe { nil }
+	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree  = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }
 

vlib/sokol/sgl/sgl_allocator_and_logger.c.v

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ import sokol.memory
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sgl_allocator_t {
 pub mut:
-	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc
-	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree
+	alloc     memory.FnAllocatorAlloc = unsafe { nil }
+	free      memory.FnAllocatorFree  = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }
 
 [typedef]
 pub struct C.sgl_logger_t {
 pub mut:
-	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb
+	log_cb    memory.FnLogCb = unsafe { nil }
 	user_data voidptr
 }

vlib/sync/channels.c.v

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ mut:
 	nxt  &Subscription  = unsafe { nil }
 }
 
-enum Direction {
+pub enum Direction {
 	pop
 	push
 }

vlib/sync/pool/pool.v

@@ -24,9 +24,15 @@ mut:
 
 pub type ThreadCB = fn (mut p PoolProcessor, idx int, task_id int) voidptr
 
+fn empty_cb(mut p PoolProcessor, idx int, task_id int) voidptr {
+	unsafe {
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 pub struct PoolProcessorConfig {
 	maxjobs  int
-	callback ThreadCB
+	callback ThreadCB = empty_cb
 }
 
 // new_pool_processor returns a new PoolProcessor instance.

vlib/sync/sync_windows.c.v

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ pub fn (mut sem Semaphore) timed_wait(timeout time.Duration) bool {
 	C.GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft_start)
 	time_end := ((u64(ft_start.dwHighDateTime) << 32) | ft_start.dwLowDateTime) +
 		u64(timeout / (100 * time.nanosecond))
-	mut t_ms := timeout.sys_milliseconds()
+	mut t_ms := u32(timeout.sys_milliseconds())
 	C.AcquireSRWLockExclusive(&sem.mtx)
 	mut res := 0
 	c = C.atomic_load_u32(&sem.count)

vlib/term/term.js.v

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ pub fn get_terminal_size() (int, int) {
 }
 
 // clear clears current terminal screen.
-pub fn clear() {
+pub fn clear() bool {
 	print('\x1b[2J')
 	print('\x1b[H')
+	return true
 }

vlib/term/term_windows.c.v

@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ pub fn set_tab_title(title string) bool {
 
 // clear clears current terminal screen.
 // Implementation taken from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/clearing-the-screen#example-2.
-pub fn clear() {
+pub fn clear() bool {
 	hconsole := C.GetStdHandle(C.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
 	mut csbi := C.CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO{}
 	mut scrollrect := C.SMALL_RECT{}
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ pub fn clear() {
 
 	// Get the number of character cells in the current buffer.
 	if !C.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hconsole, &csbi) {
-		return
+		return false
 	}
 	// Scroll the rectangle of the entire buffer.
 	scrollrect.Left = 0
@@ -130,4 +130,5 @@ pub fn clear() {
 	csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y = 0
 
 	C.SetConsoleCursorPosition(hconsole, csbi.dwCursorPosition)
+	return true
 }

vlib/term/termios/termios_android.c.v

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn C.ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int
 // for the underlying C.termios structure
 [inline]
 pub fn flag(value int) TcFlag {
-	return int(value)
+	return TcFlag(value)
 }
 
 // invert is a platform dependant way to bitwise NOT (~) TcFlag
@@ -86,3 +86,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_darwin.c.v

@@ -84,3 +84,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_default.c.v

@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2019-2023 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
 // that can be found in the LICENSE file.
-//
-// TODO Mac version needs to be implemented
-// Will serve as more advanced input method
-// based on the work of https://github.com/AmokHuginnsson/replxx
-//
-
 module termios
 
 // not used but needed for function declarations
@@ -14,45 +8,68 @@ type TcFlag = int
 type Speed = int
 type Cc = u8
 
-// flag provides a termios flag of the correct size
-// for the underlying C.termios structure
-// It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
-pub fn flag(value int) TcFlag {
-	$compile_error('feature not available')
-}
-
-// invert is a platform dependant way to bitwise NOT (~) TcFlag
-// as its length varies across platforms
-// It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
-pub fn invert(value TcFlag) TcFlag {
-	$compile_error('feature not available')
-}
-
-// termios definitions
+// Termios definitions
 // Linux      https://github.com/lattera/glibc/blob/master/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/termios.h
 // OpenBSD    https://github.com/openbsd/src/blob/master/sys/sys/termios.h
 // FreeBSD    https://web.mit.edu/freebsd/head/sys/sys/_termios.h
 // Solaris    https://github.com/omniti-labs/illumos-omnios/blob/master/usr/src/uts/common/sys/termios.h
 // DragonFly  https://gitweb.dragonflybsd.org/dragonfly.git/blob_plain/HEAD:/sys/sys/_termios.h
 // QNX        https://github.com/vocho/openqnx/blob/master/trunk/lib/c/public/termios.h
-
 pub struct Termios {
+pub mut:
+	c_iflag  TcFlag
+	c_oflag  TcFlag
+	c_cflag  TcFlag
+	c_lflag  TcFlag
+	c_line   Cc
+	c_cc     [32]Cc
+	c_ispeed Speed
+	c_ospeed Speed
+}
+
+// flag provides a termios flag of the correct size
+// for the underlying C.termios structure
+pub fn flag(value int) TcFlag {
+	return TcFlag(value)
+}
+
+// invert is a platform dependant way to bitwise NOT (~) TcFlag
+// as its length varies across platforms
+// It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
+pub fn invert(value TcFlag) TcFlag {
+	return TcFlag(~int(value))
 }
 
 // tcgetattr is an unsafe wrapper around C.termios and keeps its semantic
 // It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
-pub fn tcgetattr(fd int, mut termios_p Termios) int {
-	$compile_error('feature not available')
+pub fn tcgetattr(fd int, mut t Termios) int {
+	$compile_warn('termios.tcgetattr is not implemented on the platform')
+	eprintln('tcgetattr, fd: ${fd}, t: ${t}')
+	return 0
 }
 
 // tcsetattr is an unsafe wrapper around C.termios and keeps its semantic
 // It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
-pub fn tcsetattr(fd int, optional_actions int, mut termios_p Termios) int {
-	$compile_error('feature not available')
+pub fn tcsetattr(fd int, optional_actions int, mut t Termios) int {
+	eprintln('tcsetattr, fd: ${fd}, optional_actions: ${optional_actions}, t: ${t}')
+	return 0
 }
 
 // ioctl is an unsafe wrapper around C.ioctl and keeps its semantic
-[inline]
+// It is only implemented for Unix like OSes
 pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
-	$compile_error('feature not available')
+	eprintln('ioctl, fd: ${fd}, request: ${request}, arg: ${arg}')
+	return 0
+}
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	eprintln('set_state, fd: ${fd} | new_state: ${new_state}')
+	return 0
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(8)
 }

vlib/term/termios/termios_dragonfly.c.v

@@ -84,3 +84,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_freebsd.c.v

@@ -84,3 +84,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_linux.c.v

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ fn C.ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int
 // for the underlying C.termios structure
 [inline]
 pub fn flag(value int) TcFlag {
-	return int(value)
+	return TcFlag(value)
 }
 
 // invert is a platform dependant way to bitwise NOT (~) TcFlag
@@ -86,3 +86,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_openbsd.c.v

@@ -84,3 +84,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_qnx.c.v

@@ -86,3 +86,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_solaris.c.v

@@ -80,3 +80,15 @@ pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 		return C.ioctl(fd, request, arg)
 	}
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	mut x := new_state
+	return tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut x)
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+	t.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_test.c.v

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-module termios
-
-fn test_termios() {
-	mut original_term := Termios{}
-	tcgetattr(0, mut original_term)
-	println(original_term)
-
-	mut silent_term := original_term
-	silent_term.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
-	tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut silent_term)
-
-	mut check_term := Termios{}
-	tcgetattr(0, mut check_term)
-	assert check_term.c_lflag == silent_term.c_lflag
-
-	tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut orginal_term)
-
-	tcgetattr(0, mut check_term)
-	assert check_term.c_lflag == orginal_term.c_lflag
-}

vlib/term/termios/termios_test.v

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+module termios
+
+fn test_portable() {
+	assert 123 == int(flag(123))
+	o := Termios{
+		c_lflag: flag(0xFFFF)
+	} // assume c_lflag exists everywhere
+	// dump( o.c_lflag )
+	mut n := o
+	n.c_lflag &= invert(1)
+	// dump( n.c_lflag )
+	assert n.c_lflag != o.c_lflag
+	n.disable_echo() // just assume it exists, and can be called everywhere
+	assert true
+}
+
+[if !windows]
+fn test_termios() {
+	mut original_term := Termios{}
+	tcgetattr(0, mut original_term)
+	println(original_term)
+
+	mut silent_term := original_term
+	silent_term.c_lflag &= invert(C.ECHO)
+	tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut silent_term)
+
+	mut check_term := Termios{}
+	tcgetattr(0, mut check_term)
+	assert check_term.c_lflag == silent_term.c_lflag
+
+	tcsetattr(0, C.TCSANOW, mut original_term)
+
+	tcgetattr(0, mut check_term)
+	assert check_term.c_lflag == original_term.c_lflag
+}

vlib/term/termios/termios_windows.c.v

@@ -27,6 +27,15 @@ pub fn invert(value TcFlag) TcFlag {
 }
 
 pub struct Termios {
+pub mut:
+	c_iflag  TcFlag
+	c_oflag  TcFlag
+	c_cflag  TcFlag
+	c_lflag  TcFlag
+	c_line   Cc
+	c_cc     [32]Cc
+	c_ispeed Speed
+	c_ospeed Speed
 }
 
 // tcgetattr is an unsafe wrapper around C.termios and keeps its semantic
@@ -47,3 +56,13 @@ pub fn tcsetattr(fd int, optional_actions int, mut termios_p Termios) int {
 pub fn ioctl(fd int, request u64, arg voidptr) int {
 	return -1
 }
+
+// set_state applies the flags in the `new_state` to the descriptor `fd`.
+pub fn set_state(fd int, new_state Termios) int {
+	return -1
+}
+
+// disable_echo disables echoing characters as they are typed,
+// when that Termios state is later set with termios.set_state(fd,t)
+pub fn (mut t Termios) disable_echo() {
+}

vlib/time/time.c.v

@@ -135,3 +135,15 @@ pub fn (t Time) strftime(fmt string) string {
 	C.strftime(&buf[0], usize(sizeof(buf)), fmt_c, tm)
 	return unsafe { cstring_to_vstring(&char(&buf[0])) }
 }
+
+// some *nix system functions (e.g. `C.poll()`, C.epoll_wait()) accept an `int`
+// value as *timeout in milliseconds* with the special value `-1` meaning "infinite"
+pub fn (d Duration) sys_milliseconds() int {
+	if d > 2147483647 * millisecond { // treat 2147483647000001 .. C.INT64_MAX as "infinite"
+		return -1
+	} else if d <= 0 {
+		return 0 // treat negative timeouts as 0 - consistent with Unix behaviour
+	} else {
+		return int(d / millisecond)
+	}
+}

vlib/time/time_darwin.c.v

@@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ fn darwin_utc() Time {
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn solaris_now() Time {
+fn solaris_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn solaris_utc() Time {
+fn solaris_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }

vlib/time/time_linux.c.v

@@ -6,21 +6,21 @@ fn sys_mono_now_darwin() u64 {
 }
 
 // darwin_now - dummy fn to compile on all platforms/compilers
-pub fn darwin_now() Time {
+fn darwin_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // solaris_now - dummy fn to compile on all platforms/compilers
-pub fn solaris_now() Time {
+fn solaris_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // darwin_utc - dummy fn to compile on all platforms/compilers
-pub fn darwin_utc() Time {
+fn darwin_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // solaris_utc - dummy fn to compile on all platforms/compilers
-pub fn solaris_utc() Time {
+fn solaris_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }

vlib/time/time_nix.c.v

@@ -95,12 +95,12 @@ fn linux_utc() Time {
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn win_now() Time {
+fn win_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn win_utc() Time {
+fn win_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
@@ -125,15 +125,6 @@ pub fn (d Duration) timespec() C.timespec {
 	return ts
 }
 
-// zero_timespec returns the calendar time in seconds and nanoseconds of the beginning of the Unix epoch.
-pub fn zero_timespec() C.timespec {
-	ts := C.timespec{
-		tv_sec: 0
-		tv_nsec: 0
-	}
-	return ts
-}
-
 // sleep suspends the execution of the calling thread for a given duration (in nanoseconds).
 pub fn sleep(duration Duration) {
 	mut req := C.timespec{duration / second, duration % second}
@@ -147,15 +138,3 @@ pub fn sleep(duration Duration) {
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-// some *nix system functions (e.g. `C.poll()`, C.epoll_wait()) accept an `int`
-// value as *timeout in milliseconds* with the special value `-1` meaning "infinite"
-pub fn (d Duration) sys_milliseconds() int {
-	if d > C.INT32_MAX * millisecond { // treat 2147483647000001 .. C.INT64_MAX as "infinite"
-		return -1
-	} else if d <= 0 {
-		return 0 // treat negative timeouts as 0 - consistent with Unix behaviour
-	} else {
-		return int(d / millisecond)
-	}
-}

vlib/time/time_solaris.c.v

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ fn solaris_utc() Time {
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn darwin_now() Time {
+fn darwin_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn darwin_utc() Time {
+fn darwin_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }

vlib/time/time_windows.c.v

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ fn win_utc() Time {
 }
 
 // unix_time returns Unix time.
-pub fn (st SystemTime) unix_time() i64 {
+fn (st SystemTime) unix_time() i64 {
 	tt := C.tm{
 		tm_sec: st.second
 		tm_min: st.minute
@@ -184,32 +184,32 @@ pub fn (st SystemTime) unix_time() i64 {
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn darwin_now() Time {
+fn darwin_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn linux_now() Time {
+fn linux_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn solaris_now() Time {
+fn solaris_now() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn darwin_utc() Time {
+fn darwin_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn linux_utc() Time {
+fn linux_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
 // dummy to compile with all compilers
-pub fn solaris_utc() Time {
+fn solaris_utc() Time {
 	return Time{}
 }
 
@@ -223,15 +223,3 @@ pub struct C.timeval {
 pub fn sleep(duration Duration) {
 	C.Sleep(int(duration / millisecond))
 }
-
-// some Windows system functions (e.g. `C.WaitForSingleObject()`) accept an `u32`
-// value as *timeout in milliseconds* with the special value `u32(-1)` meaning "infinite"
-pub fn (d Duration) sys_milliseconds() u32 {
-	if d >= u32(-1) * millisecond { // treat 4294967295000000 .. C.INT64_MAX as "infinite"
-		return u32(-1)
-	} else if d <= 0 {
-		return 0 // treat negative timeouts as 0 - consistent with Unix behaviour
-	} else {
-		return u32(d / millisecond)
-	}
-}

vlib/toml/ast/walker/walker.v

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ pub interface Modifier {
 pub type InspectorFn = fn (value &ast.Value, data voidptr) !
 
 struct Inspector {
-	inspector_callback InspectorFn
+	inspector_callback InspectorFn = unsafe { nil }
 mut:
 	data voidptr
 }

vlib/v/ast/ast.v

@@ -381,6 +381,7 @@ pub:
 	language     Language
 	is_union     bool
 	attrs        []Attr
+	pre_comments []Comment
 	end_comments []Comment
 	embeds       []Embed
 pub mut:
@@ -531,10 +532,11 @@ pub:
 	method_idx            int
 	rec_mut               bool // is receiver mutable
 	rec_share             ShareType
-	language              Language  // V, C, JS
-	file_mode             Language  // whether *the file*, where a function was a '.c.v', '.js.v' etc.
-	no_body               bool      // just a definition `fn C.malloc()`
-	is_builtin            bool      // this function is defined in builtin/strconv
+	language              Language // V, C, JS
+	file_mode             Language // whether *the file*, where a function was a '.c.v', '.js.v' etc.
+	no_body               bool     // just a definition `fn C.malloc()`
+	is_builtin            bool     // this function is defined in builtin/strconv
+	name_pos              token.Pos
 	body_pos              token.Pos // function bodys position
 	file                  string
 	generic_names         []string
@@ -633,7 +635,8 @@ pub:
 	type_pos    token.Pos
 	is_hidden   bool // interface first arg
 pub mut:
-	typ Type
+	typ      Type
+	comments []Comment
 }
 
 pub fn (p &Param) specifier() string {
@@ -1194,6 +1197,7 @@ pub:
 	val_var    string
 	is_range   bool
 	pos        token.Pos
+	kv_pos     token.Pos
 	comments   []Comment
 	val_is_mut bool // `for mut val in vals {` means that modifying `val` will modify the array
 	// and the array cannot be indexed inside the loop

vlib/v/ast/str.v

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub fn (node &CallExpr) fkey() string {
 }
 
 // These methods are used only by vfmt, vdoc, and for debugging.
-pub fn (node &AnonFn) stringify_anon_decl(t &Table, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) string {
+pub fn (t &Table) stringify_anon_decl(node &AnonFn, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) string {
 	mut f := strings.new_builder(30)
 	f.write_string('fn ')
 	if node.inherited_vars.len > 0 {
@@ -79,11 +79,11 @@ pub fn (node &AnonFn) stringify_anon_decl(t &Table, cur_mod string, m2a map[stri
 		}
 		f.write_string('] ')
 	}
-	stringify_fn_after_name(node.decl, mut f, t, cur_mod, m2a)
+	t.stringify_fn_after_name(node.decl, mut f, cur_mod, m2a)
 	return f.str()
 }
 
-pub fn (node &FnDecl) stringify_fn_decl(t &Table, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) string {
+pub fn (t &Table) stringify_fn_decl(node &FnDecl, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) string {
 	mut f := strings.new_builder(30)
 	if node.is_pub {
 		f.write_string('pub ')
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ pub fn (node &FnDecl) stringify_fn_decl(t &Table, cur_mod string, m2a map[string
 	if name in ['+', '-', '*', '/', '%', '<', '>', '==', '!=', '>=', '<='] {
 		f.write_string(' ')
 	}
-	stringify_fn_after_name(node, mut f, t, cur_mod, m2a)
+	t.stringify_fn_after_name(node, mut f, cur_mod, m2a)
 	return f.str()
 }
 
-fn stringify_fn_after_name(node &FnDecl, mut f strings.Builder, t &Table, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) {
+fn (t &Table) stringify_fn_after_name(node &FnDecl, mut f strings.Builder, cur_mod string, m2a map[string]string) {
 	mut add_para_types := true
 	if node.generic_names.len > 0 {
 		if node.is_method {
@@ -149,27 +149,26 @@ fn stringify_fn_after_name(node &FnDecl, mut f strings.Builder, t &Table, cur_mo
 		}
 	}
 	f.write_string('(')
-	for i, arg in node.params {
+	for i, param in node.params {
 		// skip receiver
-		// if (node.is_method || node.is_interface) && i == 0 {
 		if node.is_method && i == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
-		if arg.is_hidden {
+		if param.is_hidden {
 			continue
 		}
-		is_last_arg := i == node.params.len - 1
-		is_type_only := arg.name == ''
-		should_add_type := true // is_last_arg || is_type_only || node.params[i + 1].typ != arg.typ ||
+		is_last_param := i == node.params.len - 1
+		is_type_only := param.name == ''
+		should_add_type := true // is_last_param || is_type_only || node.params[i + 1].typ != param.typ ||
 		// (node.is_variadic && i == node.params.len - 2)
-		if arg.is_mut {
-			f.write_string(arg.typ.share().str() + ' ')
+		if param.is_mut {
+			f.write_string(param.typ.share().str() + ' ')
 		}
-		f.write_string(arg.name)
-		arg_sym := t.sym(arg.typ)
-		if arg_sym.kind == .struct_ && (arg_sym.info as Struct).is_anon {
+		f.write_string(param.name)
+		param_sym := t.sym(param.typ)
+		if param_sym.kind == .struct_ && (param_sym.info as Struct).is_anon {
 			f.write_string(' struct {')
-			struct_ := arg_sym.info as Struct
+			struct_ := param_sym.info as Struct
 			for field in struct_.fields {
 				f.write_string(' ${field.name} ${t.type_to_str(field.typ)}')
 				if field.has_default_expr {
@@ -181,9 +180,9 @@ fn stringify_fn_after_name(node &FnDecl, mut f strings.Builder, t &Table, cur_mo
 			}
 			f.write_string('}')
 		} else {
-			mut s := t.type_to_str(arg.typ.clear_flag(.shared_f))
-			if arg.is_mut {
-				if s.starts_with('&') && ((!arg_sym.is_number() && arg_sym.kind != .bool)
+			mut s := t.type_to_str(param.typ.clear_flag(.shared_f))
+			if param.is_mut {
+				if s.starts_with('&') && ((!param_sym.is_number() && param_sym.kind != .bool)
 					|| node.language != .v) {
 					s = s[1..]
 				}
@@ -194,13 +193,13 @@ fn stringify_fn_after_name(node &FnDecl, mut f strings.Builder, t &Table, cur_mo
 				if !is_type_only {
 					f.write_string(' ')
 				}
-				if node.is_variadic && is_last_arg {
+				if node.is_variadic && is_last_param {
 					f.write_string('...')
 				}
 				f.write_string(s)
 			}
 		}
-		if !is_last_arg {
+		if !is_last_param {
 			f.write_string(', ')
 		}
 	}
@@ -218,7 +217,7 @@ struct StringifyModReplacement {
 	weight int
 }
 
-fn shorten_full_name_based_on_aliases(input string, m2a map[string]string) string {
+pub fn shorten_full_name_based_on_aliases(input string, m2a map[string]string) string {
 	if m2a.len == 0 || -1 == input.index_u8(`.`) {
 		// a simple typename, like `string` or `[]bool`; no module aliasings apply,
 		// (or there just are not any mappings)

vlib/v/ast/walker/walker.v

@@ -10,8 +10,12 @@ mut:
 
 pub type InspectorFn = fn (node &ast.Node, data voidptr) bool
 
+fn empty_callback(node &ast.Node, data voidptr) bool {
+	panic('empty ast.walker')
+}
+
 struct Inspector {
-	inspector_callback InspectorFn
+	inspector_callback InspectorFn = empty_callback
 mut:
 	data voidptr
 }

vlib/v/builder/builder.v

@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ pub fn (mut b Builder) print_warnings_and_errors() {
 				for stmt in file.stmts {
 					if stmt is ast.FnDecl {
 						if stmt.name == fn_name {
-							fheader := stmt.stringify_fn_decl(b.table, 'main', map[string]string{})
+							fheader := b.table.stringify_fn_decl(&stmt, 'main', map[string]string{})
 							redefines << FunctionRedefinition{
 								fpath: file.path
 								fline: stmt.pos.line_nr

vlib/v/builder/cc.v

@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ fn (mut b Builder) cc_linux_cross() {
 		verror(res.output)
 		return
 	}
-	println(out_name + ' has been successfully compiled')
+	println(out_name + ' has been successfully cross compiled for linux.')
 }
 
 fn (mut c Builder) cc_windows_cross() {
@@ -795,10 +795,9 @@ fn (mut c Builder) cc_windows_cross() {
 	if !c.pref.out_name.to_lower().ends_with('.exe') {
 		c.pref.out_name += '.exe'
 	}
-	c.pref.out_name = os.quoted_path(c.pref.out_name)
 	mut args := []string{}
 	args << '${c.pref.cflags}'
-	args << '-o ${c.pref.out_name}'
+	args << '-o ${os.quoted_path(c.pref.out_name)}'
 	args << '-w -L.'
 	//
 	cflags := c.get_os_cflags()
@@ -839,21 +838,6 @@ fn (mut c Builder) cc_windows_cross() {
 	} else {
 		args << cflags.c_options_after_target()
 	}
-	/*
-	winroot := '${pref.default_module_path}/winroot'
-	if !os.is_dir(winroot) {
-		winroot_url := 'https://github.com/vlang/v/releases/download/v0.1.10/winroot.zip'
-		println('"$winroot" not found.')
-		println('Download it from $winroot_url and save it in ${pref.default_module_path}')
-		println('Unzip it afterwards.\n')
-		println('winroot.zip contains all library and header files needed ' + 'to cross-compile for Windows.')
-		exit(1)
-	}
-	mut obj_name := c.out_name
-	obj_name = obj_name.replace('.exe', '')
-	obj_name = obj_name.replace('.o.o', '.o')
-	include := '-I $winroot/include '
-	*/
 	if os.user_os() !in ['macos', 'linux', 'termux'] {
 		println(os.user_os())
 		panic('your platform is not supported yet')
@@ -883,20 +867,7 @@ fn (mut c Builder) cc_windows_cross() {
 		}
 		exit(1)
 	}
-	/*
-	if c.pref.build_mode != .build_module {
-		link_cmd := 'lld-link $obj_name $winroot/lib/libcmt.lib ' + '$winroot/lib/libucrt.lib $winroot/lib/kernel32.lib $winroot/lib/libvcruntime.lib ' + '$winroot/lib/uuid.lib'
-		if c.pref.show_cc {
-			println(link_cmd)
-		}
-		if os.system(link_cmd) != 0 {
-			println('Cross compilation for Windows failed. Make sure you have lld linker installed.')
-			exit(1)
-		}
-		// os.rm(obj_name)
-	}
-	*/
-	println(c.pref.out_name + ' has been successfully compiled')
+	println(c.pref.out_name + ' has been successfully cross compiled for windows.')
 }
 
 fn (mut b Builder) build_thirdparty_obj_files() {

vlib/v/checker/check_types.v

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ fn (mut c Checker) check_types(got ast.Type, expected ast.Type) bool {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
-	if expected.has_flag(.generic) {
+	if expected.has_flag(.generic) && !got.has_flag(.generic) {
 		return false
 	}
 	return true

vlib/v/checker/checker.v

@@ -39,46 +39,49 @@ pub const (
 pub struct Checker {
 	pref &pref.Preferences = unsafe { nil } // Preferences shared from V struct
 pub mut:
-	table                     &ast.Table = unsafe { nil }
-	file                      &ast.File  = unsafe { nil }
-	nr_errors                 int
-	nr_warnings               int
-	nr_notices                int
-	errors                    []errors.Error
-	warnings                  []errors.Warning
-	notices                   []errors.Notice
-	error_lines               []int // to avoid printing multiple errors for the same line
-	expected_type             ast.Type
-	expected_or_type          ast.Type        // fn() or { 'this type' } eg. string. expected or block type
-	expected_expr_type        ast.Type        // if/match is_expr: expected_type
-	mod                       string          // current module name
-	const_var                 &ast.ConstField = unsafe { nil } // the current constant, when checking const declarations
-	const_deps                []string
-	const_names               []string
-	global_names              []string
-	locked_names              []string // vars that are currently locked
-	rlocked_names             []string // vars that are currently read-locked
-	in_for_count              int      // if checker is currently in a for loop
-	should_abort              bool     // when too many errors/warnings/notices are accumulated, .should_abort becomes true. It is checked in statement/expression loops, so the checker can return early, instead of wasting time.
-	returns                   bool
-	scope_returns             bool
-	is_builtin_mod            bool // true inside the 'builtin', 'os' or 'strconv' modules; TODO: remove the need for special casing this
-	is_just_builtin_mod       bool // true only inside 'builtin'
-	is_generated              bool // true for `[generated] module xyz` .v files
-	inside_unsafe             bool // true inside `unsafe {}` blocks
-	inside_const              bool // true inside `const ( ... )` blocks
-	inside_anon_fn            bool // true inside `fn() { ... }()`
-	inside_ref_lit            bool // true inside `a := &something`
-	inside_defer              bool // true inside `defer {}` blocks
-	inside_fn_arg             bool // `a`, `b` in `a.f(b)`
-	inside_ct_attr            bool // true inside `[if expr]`
-	inside_x_is_type          bool // true inside the Type expression of `if x is Type {`
-	inside_comptime_for_field bool
-	skip_flags                bool      // should `#flag` and `#include` be skipped
-	fn_level                  int       // 0 for the top level, 1 for `fn abc() {}`, 2 for a nested fn, etc
-	smartcast_mut_pos         token.Pos // match mut foo, if mut foo is Foo
-	smartcast_cond_pos        token.Pos // match cond
-	ct_cond_stack             []ast.Expr
+	table                      &ast.Table = unsafe { nil }
+	file                       &ast.File  = unsafe { nil }
+	nr_errors                  int
+	nr_warnings                int
+	nr_notices                 int
+	errors                     []errors.Error
+	warnings                   []errors.Warning
+	notices                    []errors.Notice
+	error_lines                []int // to avoid printing multiple errors for the same line
+	expected_type              ast.Type
+	expected_or_type           ast.Type        // fn() or { 'this type' } eg. string. expected or block type
+	expected_expr_type         ast.Type        // if/match is_expr: expected_type
+	mod                        string          // current module name
+	const_var                  &ast.ConstField = unsafe { nil } // the current constant, when checking const declarations
+	const_deps                 []string
+	const_names                []string
+	global_names               []string
+	locked_names               []string // vars that are currently locked
+	rlocked_names              []string // vars that are currently read-locked
+	in_for_count               int      // if checker is currently in a for loop
+	should_abort               bool     // when too many errors/warnings/notices are accumulated, .should_abort becomes true. It is checked in statement/expression loops, so the checker can return early, instead of wasting time.
+	returns                    bool
+	scope_returns              bool
+	is_builtin_mod             bool // true inside the 'builtin', 'os' or 'strconv' modules; TODO: remove the need for special casing this
+	is_just_builtin_mod        bool // true only inside 'builtin'
+	is_generated               bool // true for `[generated] module xyz` .v files
+	inside_unsafe              bool // true inside `unsafe {}` blocks
+	inside_const               bool // true inside `const ( ... )` blocks
+	inside_anon_fn             bool // true inside `fn() { ... }()`
+	inside_ref_lit             bool // true inside `a := &something`
+	inside_defer               bool // true inside `defer {}` blocks
+	inside_fn_arg              bool // `a`, `b` in `a.f(b)`
+	inside_ct_attr             bool // true inside `[if expr]`
+	inside_x_is_type           bool // true inside the Type expression of `if x is Type {`
+	inside_comptime_for_field  bool
+	inside_generic_struct_init bool
+	cur_struct_generic_types   []ast.Type
+	cur_struct_concrete_types  []ast.Type
+	skip_flags                 bool      // should `#flag` and `#include` be skipped
+	fn_level                   int       // 0 for the top level, 1 for `fn abc() {}`, 2 for a nested fn, etc
+	smartcast_mut_pos          token.Pos // match mut foo, if mut foo is Foo
+	smartcast_cond_pos         token.Pos // match cond
+	ct_cond_stack              []ast.Expr
 mut:
 	stmt_level int // the nesting level inside each stmts list;
 	// .stmt_level is used to check for `evaluated but not used` ExprStmts like `1 << 1`
@@ -2438,11 +2441,19 @@ fn (mut c Checker) stmts_ending_with_expression(mut stmts []ast.Stmt) {
 }
 
 fn (mut c Checker) unwrap_generic(typ ast.Type) ast.Type {
-	if typ.has_flag(.generic) && c.table.cur_fn != unsafe { nil } {
-		if t_typ := c.table.resolve_generic_to_concrete(typ, c.table.cur_fn.generic_names,
-			c.table.cur_concrete_types)
-		{
-			return t_typ
+	if typ.has_flag(.generic) {
+		if c.inside_generic_struct_init {
+			generic_names := c.cur_struct_generic_types.map(c.table.sym(it).name)
+			if t_typ := c.table.resolve_generic_to_concrete(typ, generic_names, c.cur_struct_concrete_types) {
+				return t_typ
+			}
+		}
+		if c.table.cur_fn != unsafe { nil } {
+			if t_typ := c.table.resolve_generic_to_concrete(typ, c.table.cur_fn.generic_names,
+				c.table.cur_concrete_types)
+			{
+				return t_typ
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return typ
@@ -3329,7 +3340,9 @@ fn (mut c Checker) ident(mut node ast.Ident) ast.Type {
 		if func := c.table.find_fn(node.name) {
 			if func.generic_names.len > 0 {
 				concrete_types := node.concrete_types.map(c.unwrap_generic(it))
-				c.table.register_fn_concrete_types(func.fkey(), concrete_types)
+				if concrete_types.all(!it.has_flag(.generic)) {
+					c.table.register_fn_concrete_types(func.fkey(), concrete_types)
+				}
 			}
 		}
 		return info.typ
@@ -3493,7 +3506,9 @@ fn (mut c Checker) ident(mut node ast.Ident) ast.Type {
 					concrete_types)
 				{
 					fn_type = typ_
-					c.table.register_fn_concrete_types(func.fkey(), concrete_types)
+					if concrete_types.all(!it.has_flag(.generic)) {
+						c.table.register_fn_concrete_types(func.fkey(), concrete_types)
+					}
 				}
 			}
 			node.name = name

vlib/v/checker/fn.v

@@ -1654,6 +1654,26 @@ fn (mut c Checker) method_call(mut node ast.CallExpr) ast.Type {
 		}
 		node.return_type = left_sym.info.return_type
 		return left_sym.info.return_type
+	} else if final_left_sym.info is ast.ArrayFixed && method_name == 'wait' {
+		elem_sym := c.table.sym(final_left_sym.info.elem_type)
+		if elem_sym.kind == .thread {
+			if node.args.len != 0 {
+				c.error('`.wait()` does not have any arguments', node.args[0].pos)
+			}
+			thread_ret_type := c.unwrap_generic(elem_sym.thread_info().return_type)
+			if thread_ret_type.has_flag(.option) {
+				c.error('`.wait()` cannot be called for an array when thread functions return options. Iterate over the arrays elements instead and handle each returned option with `or`.',
+					node.pos)
+			} else if thread_ret_type.has_flag(.result) {
+				c.error('`.wait()` cannot be called for an array when thread functions return results. Iterate over the arrays elements instead and handle each returned result with `or`.',
+					node.pos)
+			}
+			node.return_type = c.table.find_or_register_array(thread_ret_type)
+			return node.return_type
+		} else {
+			c.error('`${left_sym.name}` has no method `wait()` (only thread handles and arrays of them have)',
+				node.left.pos())
+		}
 	} else if left_sym.kind == .char && left_type.nr_muls() == 0 && method_name == 'str' {
 		c.error('calling `.str()` on type `char` is not allowed, use its address or cast it to an integer instead',
 			node.left.pos().extend(node.pos))
@@ -2304,7 +2324,7 @@ fn (mut c Checker) check_expected_arg_count(mut node ast.CallExpr, f &ast.Fn) !
 		has_decompose := node.args.filter(it.expr is ast.ArrayDecompose).len > 0
 		if has_decompose {
 			// if call(...args) is present
-			min_required_params = nr_args
+			min_required_params = nr_args - 1
 		}
 	}
 	if min_required_params < 0 {

vlib/v/checker/struct.v

@@ -70,6 +70,19 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_decl(mut node ast.StructDecl) {
 					}
 				}
 			}
+			// Do not allow uninitialized `fn` fields, or force `?fn`
+			// (allow them in `C.` structs)
+			if !c.is_builtin_mod && node.language == .v {
+				sym := c.table.sym(field.typ)
+				if sym.kind == .function {
+					if !field.typ.has_flag(.option) && !field.has_default_expr
+						&& field.attrs.filter(it.name == 'required').len == 0 {
+						error_msg := 'uninitialized `fn` struct fields are not allowed, since they can result in segfaults; use `?fn` or initialize the field with `=` (if you absolutely want to have unsafe function pointers, use `= unsafe { nil }`)'
+						c.note(error_msg, field.pos)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
 			if field.has_default_expr {
 				c.expected_type = field.typ
 				field.default_expr_typ = c.expr(mut field.default_expr)
@@ -155,6 +168,9 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_decl(mut node ast.StructDecl) {
 									true)
 							}
 						}
+					} else if c.table.final_sym(field.typ).kind == .function
+						&& field.default_expr_typ.is_pointer() {
+						continue
 					} else {
 						c.error('incompatible initializer for field `${field.name}`: ${err.msg()}',
 							field.default_expr.pos())
@@ -315,6 +331,9 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_init(mut node ast.StructInit, is_field_zero_struct_ini
 		}
 	}
 	struct_sym := c.table.sym(node.typ)
+	mut old_inside_generic_struct_init := false
+	mut old_cur_struct_generic_types := []ast.Type{}
+	mut old_cur_struct_concrete_types := []ast.Type{}
 	if struct_sym.info is ast.Struct {
 		// check if the generic param types have been defined
 		for ct in struct_sym.info.concrete_types {
@@ -352,6 +371,20 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_init(mut node ast.StructInit, is_field_zero_struct_ini
 			c.error('a non generic struct `${node.typ_str}` used like a generic struct',
 				node.name_pos)
 		}
+		if struct_sym.info.generic_types.len > 0
+			&& struct_sym.info.generic_types.len == struct_sym.info.concrete_types.len {
+			old_inside_generic_struct_init = c.inside_generic_struct_init
+			old_cur_struct_generic_types = c.cur_struct_generic_types.clone()
+			old_cur_struct_concrete_types = c.cur_struct_concrete_types.clone()
+			c.inside_generic_struct_init = true
+			c.cur_struct_generic_types = struct_sym.info.generic_types.clone()
+			c.cur_struct_concrete_types = struct_sym.info.concrete_types.clone()
+			defer {
+				c.inside_generic_struct_init = old_inside_generic_struct_init
+				c.cur_struct_generic_types = old_cur_struct_generic_types
+				c.cur_struct_concrete_types = old_cur_struct_concrete_types
+			}
+		}
 	} else if struct_sym.info is ast.Alias {
 		parent_sym := c.table.sym(struct_sym.info.parent_type)
 		// e.g. ´x := MyMapAlias{}´, should be a cast to alias type ´x := MyMapAlias(map[...]...)´
@@ -613,10 +646,10 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_init(mut node ast.StructInit, is_field_zero_struct_ini
 			// and the second part is all fields embedded in the structure
 			// If the return value data composition form in `c.table.struct_fields()` is modified,
 			// need to modify here accordingly.
-			fields := c.table.struct_fields(type_sym)
+			mut fields := c.table.struct_fields(type_sym)
 			mut checked_types := []ast.Type{}
 
-			for i, field in fields {
+			for i, mut field in fields {
 				if field.name in inited_fields {
 					continue
 				}
@@ -628,7 +661,7 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_init(mut node ast.StructInit, is_field_zero_struct_ini
 				}
 				if field.has_default_expr {
 					if i < info.fields.len && field.default_expr_typ == 0 {
-						if field.default_expr is ast.StructInit {
+						if mut field.default_expr is ast.StructInit {
 							idx := c.table.find_type_idx(field.default_expr.typ_str)
 							if idx != 0 {
 								info.fields[i].default_expr_typ = ast.new_type(idx)
@@ -637,6 +670,9 @@ fn (mut c Checker) struct_init(mut node ast.StructInit, is_field_zero_struct_ini
 							if field.typ.is_any_kind_of_pointer() {
 								info.fields[i].default_expr_typ = field.typ
 							}
+						} else if field.default_expr is ast.Ident
+							&& field.default_expr.info is ast.IdentFn {
+							c.expr(mut field.default_expr)
 						} else {
 							if const_field := c.table.global_scope.find_const('${field.default_expr}') {
 								info.fields[i].default_expr_typ = const_field.typ

vlib/v/checker/tests/duplicate_field_method_err.vv

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-struct St{
-	attr fn()
+struct St {
+	attr fn () = unsafe { nil }
 }
 
 fn (s St) attr() {}

vlib/v/checker/tests/fn_array_decompose_arg_mismatch_err_c.out

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+vlib/v/checker/tests/fn_array_decompose_arg_mismatch_err_c.vv:2:6: error: expected 0 arguments, but got 1
+    1 | fn main() {
+    2 |     foo(...args)
+      |         ~~~~~~~
+    3 | }
+    4 |

vlib/v/checker/tests/fn_array_decompose_arg_mismatch_err_c.vv

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() {
+	foo(...args)
+}
+
+fn foo() {
+}