v/vlib/compiler/x64/gen.v

// Copyright (c) 2019 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.

module x64

pub struct Gen {
	out_name string
mut:
	buf []byte
	sect_header_name_pos int
	offset i64
	str_pos []i64
	strings []string // TODO use a map and don't duplicate strings
	file_size_pos i64
	main_fn_addr i64
	code_start_pos i64 // location of the start of the assembly instructions
	fn_addr map[string]i64
	//string_addr map[string]i64
}

enum Register {
	eax
	edi
	rax
	rdi
	rsi
	edx
	rdx
	r12
}

enum Size {
	_8
	_16
	_32
	_64
}

pub fn new_gen(out_name string) &Gen {
	return &Gen{
		sect_header_name_pos : 0
		buf: []
		out_name: out_name
	}
}

pub fn (g &Gen) pos() i64 {
	return g.buf.len
}


fn (g mut Gen) write8(n int) {
	// write 1 byte
	g.buf << byte(n)
}

fn (g mut Gen) write16(n int) {
	// write 2 bytes
	g.buf << byte(n)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 8)
}

fn (g mut Gen) write32(n int) {
	// write 4 bytes
	g.buf << byte(n)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 8)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 16)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 24)
}

fn (g mut Gen) write64(n i64) {
	// write 8 bytes
	g.buf << byte(n)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 8)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 16)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 24)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 32)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 40)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 48)
	g.buf << byte(n >> 56)
}

fn (g mut Gen) write64_at(n i64, at i64) {
	// write 8 bytes
	g.buf[at] = byte(n)
	g.buf[at+1] = byte(n >> 8)
	g.buf[at+2] = byte(n >> 16)
	g.buf[at+3] = byte(n >> 24)
	g.buf[at+4] = byte(n >> 32)
	g.buf[at+5] = byte(n >> 40)
	g.buf[at+6] = byte(n >> 48)
	g.buf[at+7] = byte(n >> 56)
}

fn (g mut Gen) write_string(s string) {
	for c in s {
		g.write8(int(c))
	}
}

fn (g mut Gen) inc(reg Register) {
	g.write16(0xff49)
	match reg {
		.r12 { g.write8(0xc4) }
		else { panic('unhandled inc $reg') }
	}
}

fn (g mut Gen) cmp(reg Register, size Size, val i64) {
	g.write8(0x49)
	// Second byte depends on the size of the value
	match size {
		._8 { g.write8(0x83) }
		._32 { g.write8(0x81) }
		else { panic('unhandled cmp') }
	}
	// Third byte depends on the register being compared to
	match reg {
		.r12 { g.write8(0xfc) }
		else { panic('unhandled cmp') }
	}
	g.write8(int(val))
}

fn abs(a i64) i64 { return if a < 0 { -a } else { a } }

fn (g mut Gen) jle(addr i64) {
	// Calculate the relative offset to jump to
	// (`addr` is absolute address)
	offset := 0xff - int(abs(addr - g.buf.len))-1
	g.write8(0x7e)
	g.write8(offset)
}

fn (g mut Gen) jl(addr i64) {
	offset := 0xff - int(abs(addr - g.buf.len))-1
	g.write8(0x7c)
	g.write8(offset)
}

fn (g &Gen) abs_to_rel_addr(addr i64) int {
	return int(abs(addr - g.buf.len))-1
}

fn (g mut Gen) jmp (addr i64) {
	offset := 0xff - g.abs_to_rel_addr(addr)
	g.write8(0xe9)
	g.write8(offset)
}

fn (g mut Gen) mov64(reg Register, val i64) {
	match reg {
		.rsi {
			g.write8(0x48)
			g.write8(0xbe)
		}
		else {	println('unhandled mov $reg') }
	}
	g.write64(val)
}

fn (g mut Gen) call(addr int) {
	//rel := g.abs_to_rel_addr(addr)
	rel := 0xffffffff - int(abs(addr - g.buf.len))-1

	println('call addr=$addr rel_addr=$addr pos=$g.buf.len')
	g.write8(0xe8)
	g.write32(addr)
}

fn (g mut Gen) syscall() {
	// g.write(0x050f)
	g.write8(0x0f)
	g.write8(0x05)
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) ret() {
	g.write8(0xc3)
}

// returns label's relative address
pub fn (g mut Gen) gen_loop_start(from int) int {
	g.mov(.r12, from)
	label := g.buf.len
	g.inc(.r12)
	return label
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) gen_loop_end(to int, label int) {
	g.cmp(.r12, ._8, to)
	g.jl(label)
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) save_main_fn_addr() {
	g.main_fn_addr = g.buf.len
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) gen_print(s string) {
	g.strings << s + '\n'
	//g.string_addr[s] = str_pos
	g.mov(.eax, 1)
	g.mov(.edi, 1)
	str_pos := g.buf.len + 2
	g.str_pos << str_pos
	g.mov64(.rsi, 0) //segment_start +  0x9f) // str pos // PLACEHOLDER
	g.mov(.edx, s.len+1) // len
	g.syscall()
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) gen_exit() {
	// Return 0
	g.mov(.edi, 0) // ret value
	g.mov(.eax, 60)
	g.syscall()
}

fn (g mut Gen) mov(reg Register, val int) {
	match reg {
		.eax { g.write8(0xb8) }
		.edi {	g.write8(0xbf) }
		.edx {	g.write8(0xba) }
		.rsi {
			g.write8(0x48)
			g.write8(0xbe)
		}
		.r12 {
			g.write8(0x41)
			g.write8(0xbc)			// r11 is 0xbb etc
		}
		else {
			panic('unhandled mov $reg')
		}

	}
	g.write32(val)
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) register_function_address(name string) {
	addr := g.pos()
	println('reg fn addr $name $addr')
	g.fn_addr[name] = addr
}

pub fn (g mut Gen) call_fn(name string) {
	if !name.contains('__') {
		return
	}
	addr := g.fn_addr[name]
	g.call(int(addr))
	println('call $name $addr')
}