v/vlib/compress/gzip/gzip.v

// [rfc1952](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc1952) compliant
// gzip compression/decompression

module gzip

import compress as compr
import hash.crc32

// compresses an array of bytes using gzip and returns the compressed bytes in a new array
// Example: compressed := gzip.compress(b)?
pub fn compress(data []u8) ![]u8 {
	compressed := compr.compress(data, 0)!
	// header
	mut result := [
		u8(0x1f), // magic numbers (1F 8B)
		0x8b,
		0x08, // deflate
		0x00, // header flags
		0x00, // 4-byte timestamp, 0 = no timestamp (00 00 00 00)
		0x00,
		0x00,
		0x00,
		0x00, // extra flags
		0xff, // operating system id (0xff = unknown)
	] // 10 bytes
	result << compressed
	// trailer
	checksum := crc32.sum(data)
	length := data.len
	result << [
		u8(checksum >> 24),
		u8(checksum >> 16),
		u8(checksum >> 8),
		u8(checksum),
		u8(length >> 24),
		u8(length >> 16),
		u8(length >> 8),
		u8(length),
	] // 8 bytes
	return result
}

[params]
pub struct DecompressParams {
	verify_header_checksum bool = true
	verify_length          bool = true
	verify_checksum        bool = true
}

pub const (
	reserved_bits = 0b1110_0000
	ftext         = 0b0000_0001
	fextra        = 0b0000_0100
	fname         = 0b0000_1000
	fcomment      = 0b0001_0000
	fhcrc         = 0b0000_0010
)

const min_header_length = 18

[noinit]
pub struct GzipHeader {
pub mut:
	length            int = 10
	extra             []u8
	filename          []u8
	comment           []u8
	modification_time u32
	operating_system  u8
}

// validate validates the header and returns its details if valid
pub fn validate(data []u8, params DecompressParams) !GzipHeader {
	if data.len < gzip.min_header_length {
		return error('data is too short, not gzip compressed?')
	} else if data[0] != 0x1f || data[1] != 0x8b {
		return error('wrong magic numbers, not gzip compressed?')
	} else if data[2] != 0x08 {
		return error('gzip data is not compressed with DEFLATE')
	}
	mut header := GzipHeader{}

	// parse flags, we ignore most of them, but we still need to parse them
	// correctly, so we dont accidently decompress something that belongs
	// to the header

	if data[3] & gzip.reserved_bits > 0 {
		// rfc 1952 2.3.1.2 Compliance
		// A compliant decompressor must give an error indication if any
		// reserved bit is non-zero, since such a bit could indicate the
		// presence of a new field that would cause subsequent data to be
		// interpreted incorrectly.
		return error('reserved flags are set, unsupported field detected')
	}

	if data[3] & gzip.fextra > 0 {
		xlen := data[header.length]
		header.extra = data[header.length + 1..header.length + 1 + xlen]
		header.length += xlen + 1
	}
	if data[3] & gzip.fname > 0 {
		// filename is zero-terminated, so skip until we hit a zero byte
		for header.length < data.len && data[header.length] != 0x00 {
			header.filename << data[header.length]
			header.length++
		}
		header.length++
	}
	if data[3] & gzip.fcomment > 0 {
		// comment is zero-terminated, so skip until we hit a zero byte
		for header.length < data.len && data[header.length] != 0x00 {
			header.comment << data[header.length]
			header.length++
		}
		header.length++
	}
	if data[3] & gzip.fhcrc > 0 {
		if header.length + 12 > data.len {
			return error('data too short')
		}
		checksum_header := crc32.sum(data[..header.length])
		checksum_header_expected := (u32(data[header.length]) << 24) | (u32(data[header.length + 1]) << 16) | (u32(data[
			header.length + 2]) << 8) | data[header.length + 3]
		if params.verify_header_checksum && checksum_header != checksum_header_expected {
			return error('header checksum verification failed')
		}
		header.length += 4
	}
	if header.length + 8 > data.len {
		return error('data too short')
	}
	header.operating_system = data[9]
	return header
}

// decompresses an array of bytes using zlib and returns the decompressed bytes in a new array
// Example: decompressed := gzip.decompress(b)?
pub fn decompress(data []u8, params DecompressParams) ![]u8 {
	gzip_header := validate(data, params)!
	header_length := gzip_header.length

	decompressed := compr.decompress(data[header_length..data.len - 8], 0)!
	length_expected := (u32(data[data.len - 4]) << 24) | (u32(data[data.len - 3]) << 16) | (u32(data[data.len - 2]) << 8) | data[data.len - 1]
	if params.verify_length && decompressed.len != length_expected {
		return error('length verification failed, got ${decompressed.len}, expected ${length_expected}')
	}
	checksum := crc32.sum(decompressed)
	checksum_expected := (u32(data[data.len - 8]) << 24) | (u32(data[data.len - 7]) << 16) | (u32(data[data.len - 6]) << 8) | data[data.len - 5]
	if params.verify_checksum && checksum != checksum_expected {
		return error('checksum verification failed')
	}
	return decompressed
}