mirror of
https://github.com/vlang/v.git
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2108 lines
52 KiB
V
2108 lines
52 KiB
V
// Copyright (c) 2019-2022 Alexander Medvednikov. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
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// that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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module builtin
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import strconv
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/*
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Note: A V string should be/is immutable from the point of view of
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V user programs after it is first created. A V string is
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also slightly larger than the equivalent C string because
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the V string also has an integer length attached.
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This tradeoff is made, since V strings are created just *once*,
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but potentially used *many times* over their lifetime.
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The V string implementation uses a struct, that has a .str field,
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which points to a C style 0 terminated memory block. Although not
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strictly necessary from the V point of view, that additional 0
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is *very useful for C interoperability*.
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The V string implementation also has an integer .len field,
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containing the length of the .str field, excluding the
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terminating 0 (just like the C's strlen(s) would do).
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The 0 ending of .str, and the .len field, mean that in practice:
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a) a V string s can be used very easily, wherever a
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C string is needed, just by passing s.str,
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without a need for further conversion/copying.
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b) where strlen(s) is needed, you can just pass s.len,
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without having to constantly recompute the length of s
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*over and over again* like some C programs do. This is because
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V strings are immutable and so their length does not change.
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Ordinary V code *does not need* to be concerned with the
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additional 0 in the .str field. The 0 *must* be put there by the
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low level string creating functions inside this module.
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Failing to do this will lead to programs that work most of the
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time, when used with pure V functions, but fail in strange ways,
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when used with modules using C functions (for example os and so on).
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*/
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pub struct string {
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pub:
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str &u8 = 0 // points to a C style 0 terminated string of bytes.
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len int // the length of the .str field, excluding the ending 0 byte. It is always equal to strlen(.str).
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// NB string.is_lit is an enumeration of the following:
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// .is_lit == 0 => a fresh string, should be freed by autofree
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// .is_lit == 1 => a literal string from .rodata, should NOT be freed
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// .is_lit == -98761234 => already freed string, protects against double frees.
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// ---------> ^^^^^^^^^ calling free on these is a bug.
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// Any other value means that the string has been corrupted.
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mut:
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is_lit int
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}
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// runes returns an array of all the utf runes in the string `s`
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// which is useful if you want random access to them
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[direct_array_access]
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pub fn (s string) runes() []rune {
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mut runes := []rune{cap: s.len}
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for i := 0; i < s.len; i++ {
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char_len := utf8_char_len(unsafe { s.str[i] })
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if char_len > 1 {
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end := if s.len - 1 >= i + char_len { i + char_len } else { s.len }
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mut r := unsafe { s[i..end] }
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runes << r.utf32_code()
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i += char_len - 1
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} else {
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runes << unsafe { s.str[i] }
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}
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}
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return runes
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}
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// cstring_to_vstring creates a new V string copy of the C style string,
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// pointed by `s`. This function is most likely what you want to use when
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// working with C style pointers to 0 terminated strings (i.e. `char*`).
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// It is recomended to use it, unless you *do* understand the implications of
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// tos/tos2/tos3/tos4/tos5 in terms of memory management and interactions with
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// -autofree and `[manualfree]`.
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// It will panic, if the pointer `s` is 0.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn cstring_to_vstring(s &char) string {
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return unsafe { tos2(&u8(s)) }.clone()
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}
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// tos_clone creates a new V string copy of the C style string, pointed by `s`.
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// See also cstring_to_vstring (it is the same as it, the only difference is,
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// that tos_clone expects `&byte`, while cstring_to_vstring expects &char).
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// It will panic, if the pointer `s` is 0.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos_clone(s &u8) string {
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return unsafe { tos2(s) }.clone()
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}
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// tos creates a V string, given a C style pointer to a 0 terminated block.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by s is *reused, not copied*!
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// It will panic, when the pointer `s` is 0.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos(s &u8, len int) string {
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if s == 0 {
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panic('tos(): nil string')
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}
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return string{
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str: unsafe { s }
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len: len
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}
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}
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// tos2 creates a V string, given a C style pointer to a 0 terminated block.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by s is *reused, not copied*!
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// It will calculate the length first, thus it is more costly than `tos`.
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// It will panic, when the pointer `s` is 0.
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// It is the same as `tos3`, but for &byte pointers, avoiding callsite casts.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos2(s &u8) string {
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if s == 0 {
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panic('tos2: nil string')
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}
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return string{
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str: unsafe { s }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen(s) }
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}
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}
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// tos3 creates a V string, given a C style pointer to a 0 terminated block.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by s is *reused, not copied*!
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// It will calculate the length first, so it is more costly than tos.
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// It will panic, when the pointer `s` is 0.
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// It is the same as `tos2`, but for &char pointers, avoiding callsite casts.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos3(s &char) string {
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if s == 0 {
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panic('tos3: nil string')
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}
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return string{
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str: unsafe { &u8(s) }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen_char(s) }
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}
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}
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// tos4 creates a V string, given a C style pointer to a 0 terminated block.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by s is *reused, not copied*!
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// It will calculate the length first, so it is more costly than tos.
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// It returns '', when given a 0 pointer `s`, it does NOT panic.
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// It is the same as `tos5`, but for &byte pointers, avoiding callsite casts.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos4(s &u8) string {
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if s == 0 {
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return ''
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}
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return string{
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str: unsafe { s }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen(s) }
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}
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}
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// tos5 creates a V string, given a C style pointer to a 0 terminated block.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by s is *reused, not copied*!
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// It will calculate the length first, so it is more costly than tos.
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// It returns '', when given a 0 pointer `s`, it does NOT panic.
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// It is the same as `tos4`, but for &char pointers, avoiding callsite casts.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn tos5(s &char) string {
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if s == 0 {
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return ''
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}
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return string{
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str: unsafe { &u8(s) }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen_char(s) }
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}
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}
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// vstring converts a C style string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// Note: instead of `&u8(arr.data).vstring()`, do use `tos_clone(&u8(arr.data))`.
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// Strings returned from this function will be normal V strings beside that,
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// (i.e. they would be freed by V's -autofree mechanism, when they are no longer used).
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (bp &u8) vstring() string {
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return string{
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str: unsafe { bp }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen(bp) }
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}
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}
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// vstring_with_len converts a C style 0 terminated string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// This method has lower overhead compared to .vstring(), since it
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// does not need to calculate the length of the 0 terminated string.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (bp &u8) vstring_with_len(len int) string {
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return string{
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str: unsafe { bp }
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len: len
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is_lit: 0
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}
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}
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// vstring converts a C style string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// Strings returned from this function will be normal V strings beside that,
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// (i.e. they would be freed by V's -autofree mechanism, when they are
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// no longer used).
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// Note: instead of `&u8(a.data).vstring()`, use `tos_clone(&u8(a.data))`.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (cp &char) vstring() string {
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return string{
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str: &u8(cp)
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len: unsafe { vstrlen_char(cp) }
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is_lit: 0
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}
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}
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// vstring_with_len converts a C style 0 terminated string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// This method has lower overhead compared to .vstring(), since it
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// does not calculate the length of the 0 terminated string.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (cp &char) vstring_with_len(len int) string {
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return string{
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str: &u8(cp)
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len: len
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is_lit: 0
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}
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}
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// vstring_literal converts a C style string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// NB2: unlike vstring, vstring_literal will mark the string
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// as a literal, so it will not be freed by -autofree.
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// This is suitable for readonly strings, C string literals etc,
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// that can be read by the V program, but that should not be
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// managed/freed by it, for example `os.args` is implemented using it.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (bp &u8) vstring_literal() string {
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return string{
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str: unsafe { bp }
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len: unsafe { vstrlen(bp) }
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is_lit: 1
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}
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}
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// vstring_with_len converts a C style string to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// This method has lower overhead compared to .vstring_literal(), since it
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// does not need to calculate the length of the 0 terminated string.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (bp &u8) vstring_literal_with_len(len int) string {
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return string{
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str: unsafe { bp }
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len: len
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is_lit: 1
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}
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}
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// vstring_literal converts a C style string char* pointer to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// See also `byteptr.vstring_literal` for more details.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (cp &char) vstring_literal() string {
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return string{
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str: &u8(cp)
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len: unsafe { vstrlen_char(cp) }
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is_lit: 1
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}
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}
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// vstring_literal_with_len converts a C style string char* pointer,
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// to a V string.
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// Note: the memory block pointed by `bp` is *reused, not copied*!
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// This method has lower overhead compared to .vstring_literal(), since it
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// does not need to calculate the length of the 0 terminated string.
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// See also `tos_clone`.
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[unsafe]
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pub fn (cp &char) vstring_literal_with_len(len int) string {
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return string{
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str: &u8(cp)
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len: len
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is_lit: 1
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}
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}
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// len_utf8 returns the number of runes contained in the string `s`.
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pub fn (s string) len_utf8() int {
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mut l := 0
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mut i := 0
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for i < s.len {
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l++
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i += ((0xe5000000 >> ((unsafe { s.str[i] } >> 3) & 0x1e)) & 3) + 1
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}
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return l
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}
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// clone_static returns an independent copy of a given array.
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// It should be used only in -autofree generated code.
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fn (a string) clone_static() string {
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return a.clone()
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}
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// clone returns a copy of the V string `a`.
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pub fn (a string) clone() string {
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if a.len == 0 {
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return ''
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}
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mut b := string{
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str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(a.len + 1) }
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len: a.len
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}
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unsafe {
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vmemcpy(b.str, a.str, a.len)
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b.str[a.len] = 0
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}
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return b
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}
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// replace_once replaces the first occurence of `rep` with the string passed in `with`.
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pub fn (s string) replace_once(rep string, with string) string {
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idx := s.index_(rep)
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if idx == -1 {
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return s.clone()
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}
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return s.substr(0, idx) + with + s.substr(idx + rep.len, s.len)
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}
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// replace replaces all occurences of `rep` with the string passed in `with`.
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[direct_array_access]
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pub fn (s string) replace(rep string, with string) string {
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if s.len == 0 || rep.len == 0 || rep.len > s.len {
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return s.clone()
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}
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if !s.contains(rep) {
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return s.clone()
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}
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// TODO PERF Allocating ints is expensive. Should be a stack array
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// Get locations of all reps within this string
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mut idxs := []int{cap: s.len / rep.len}
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defer {
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unsafe { idxs.free() }
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}
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mut idx := 0
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for {
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idx = s.index_after(rep, idx)
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if idx == -1 {
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break
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}
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idxs << idx
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idx += rep.len
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}
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// Dont change the string if there's nothing to replace
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if idxs.len == 0 {
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return s.clone()
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}
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// Now we know the number of replacements we need to do and we can calc the len of the new string
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new_len := s.len + idxs.len * (with.len - rep.len)
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mut b := unsafe { malloc_noscan(new_len + 1) } // add space for the null byte at the end
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// Fill the new string
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mut b_i := 0
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mut s_idx := 0
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for _, rep_pos in idxs {
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for i in s_idx .. rep_pos { // copy everything up to piece being replaced
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unsafe {
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b[b_i] = s[i]
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}
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b_i++
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}
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s_idx = rep_pos + rep.len // move string index past replacement
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for i in 0 .. with.len { // copy replacement piece
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unsafe {
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b[b_i] = with[i]
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}
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b_i++
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}
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}
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if s_idx < s.len { // if any original after last replacement, copy it
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for i in s_idx .. s.len {
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unsafe {
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b[b_i] = s[i]
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}
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b_i++
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}
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}
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unsafe {
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b[new_len] = 0
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return tos(b, new_len)
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}
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}
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struct RepIndex {
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idx int
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val_idx int
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}
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// replace_each replaces all occurences of the string pairs given in `vals`.
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// Example: assert 'ABCD'.replace_each(['B','C/','C','D','D','C']) == 'AC/DC'
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[direct_array_access]
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pub fn (s string) replace_each(vals []string) string {
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if s.len == 0 || vals.len == 0 {
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return s.clone()
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}
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if vals.len % 2 != 0 {
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eprintln('string.replace_each(): odd number of strings')
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return s.clone()
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}
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// `rep` - string to replace
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// `with` - string to replace with
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// Remember positions of all rep strings, and calculate the length
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// of the new string to do just one allocation.
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mut new_len := s.len
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mut idxs := []RepIndex{cap: 6}
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mut idx := 0
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s_ := s.clone()
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for rep_i := 0; rep_i < vals.len; rep_i += 2 {
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// vals: ['rep1, 'with1', 'rep2', 'with2']
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rep := vals[rep_i]
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with := vals[rep_i + 1]
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for {
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idx = s_.index_after(rep, idx)
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if idx == -1 {
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break
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}
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// The string already found is set to `/del`, to avoid duplicate searches.
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for i in 0 .. rep.len {
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unsafe {
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s_.str[idx + i] = 127
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}
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}
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// We need to remember both the position in the string,
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// and which rep/with pair it refers to.
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idxs << RepIndex{
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idx: idx
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val_idx: rep_i
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}
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idx += rep.len
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new_len += with.len - rep.len
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}
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}
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// Dont change the string if there's nothing to replace
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if idxs.len == 0 {
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return s.clone()
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}
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idxs.sort(a.idx < b.idx)
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mut b := unsafe { malloc_noscan(new_len + 1) } // add space for 0 terminator
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// Fill the new string
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mut idx_pos := 0
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mut cur_idx := idxs[idx_pos]
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mut b_i := 0
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for i := 0; i < s.len; i++ {
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if i == cur_idx.idx {
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// Reached the location of rep, replace it with "with"
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rep := vals[cur_idx.val_idx]
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with := vals[cur_idx.val_idx + 1]
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for j in 0 .. with.len {
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unsafe {
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b[b_i] = with[j]
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}
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b_i++
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}
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// Skip the length of rep, since we just replaced it with "with"
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i += rep.len - 1
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// Go to the next index
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idx_pos++
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if idx_pos < idxs.len {
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cur_idx = idxs[idx_pos]
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}
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} else {
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// Rep doesnt start here, just copy
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unsafe {
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b[b_i] = s.str[i]
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}
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b_i++
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}
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}
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unsafe {
|
|
b[new_len] = 0
|
|
return tos(b, new_len)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// replace_char replaces all occurences of the character `rep` multiple occurences of the character passed in `with` with respect to `repeat`.
|
|
// Example: assert '\tHello!'.replace_char(`\t`,` `,8) == ' Hello!'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) replace_char(rep u8, with u8, repeat int) string {
|
|
$if !no_bounds_checking ? {
|
|
if repeat <= 0 {
|
|
panic('string.replace_char(): tab length too short')
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len == 0 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
// TODO Allocating ints is expensive. Should be a stack array
|
|
// - string.replace()
|
|
mut idxs := []int{cap: s.len}
|
|
defer {
|
|
unsafe { idxs.free() }
|
|
}
|
|
// No need to do a contains(), it already traverses the entire string
|
|
for i, ch in s {
|
|
if ch == rep { // Found char? Mark its location
|
|
idxs << i
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if idxs.len == 0 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
// Now we know the number of replacements we need to do and we can calc the len of the new string
|
|
new_len := s.len + idxs.len * (repeat - 1)
|
|
mut b := unsafe { malloc_noscan(new_len + 1) } // add space for the null byte at the end
|
|
// Fill the new string
|
|
mut b_i := 0
|
|
mut s_idx := 0
|
|
for rep_pos in idxs {
|
|
for i in s_idx .. rep_pos { // copy everything up to piece being replaced
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
b[b_i] = s[i]
|
|
}
|
|
b_i++
|
|
}
|
|
s_idx = rep_pos + 1 // move string index past replacement
|
|
for _ in 0 .. repeat { // copy replacement piece
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
b[b_i] = with
|
|
}
|
|
b_i++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if s_idx < s.len { // if any original after last replacement, copy it
|
|
for i in s_idx .. s.len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
b[b_i] = s[i]
|
|
}
|
|
b_i++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
b[new_len] = 0
|
|
return tos(b, new_len)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// normalize_tabs replaces all tab characters with `tab_len` amount of spaces
|
|
// Example: assert '\t\tpop rax\t; pop rax'.normalize_tabs(2) == ' pop rax ; pop rax'
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (s string) normalize_tabs(tab_len int) string {
|
|
return s.replace_char(`\t`, ` `, tab_len)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// bool returns `true` if the string equals the word "true" it will return `false` otherwise.
|
|
pub fn (s string) bool() bool {
|
|
return s == 'true' || s == 't' // TODO t for pg, remove
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// int returns the value of the string as an integer `'1'.int() == 1`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) int() int {
|
|
return int(strconv.common_parse_int(s, 0, 32, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// i64 returns the value of the string as i64 `'1'.i64() == i64(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) i64() i64 {
|
|
return strconv.common_parse_int(s, 0, 64, false, false) or { 0 }
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// i8 returns the value of the string as i8 `'1'.i8() == i8(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) i8() i8 {
|
|
return i8(strconv.common_parse_int(s, 0, 8, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// i16 returns the value of the string as i16 `'1'.i16() == i16(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) i16() i16 {
|
|
return i16(strconv.common_parse_int(s, 0, 16, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// f32 returns the value of the string as f32 `'1.0'.f32() == f32(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) f32() f32 {
|
|
return f32(strconv.atof64(s) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// f64 returns the value of the string as f64 `'1.0'.f64() == f64(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) f64() f64 {
|
|
return strconv.atof64(s) or { 0 }
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// u8 returns the value of the string as u8 `'1'.u8() == u8(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) u8() u8 {
|
|
return u8(strconv.common_parse_uint(s, 0, 8, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// u16 returns the value of the string as u16 `'1'.u16() == u16(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) u16() u16 {
|
|
return u16(strconv.common_parse_uint(s, 0, 16, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// u32 returns the value of the string as u32 `'1'.u32() == u32(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) u32() u32 {
|
|
return u32(strconv.common_parse_uint(s, 0, 32, false, false) or { 0 })
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// u64 returns the value of the string as u64 `'1'.u64() == u64(1)`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) u64() u64 {
|
|
return strconv.common_parse_uint(s, 0, 64, false, false) or { 0 }
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// parse_uint is like `parse_int` but for unsigned numbers
|
|
//
|
|
// This method directly exposes the `parse_int` function from `strconv`
|
|
// as a method on `string`. For more advanced features,
|
|
// consider calling `strconv.common_parse_int` directly.
|
|
pub fn (s string) parse_uint(_base int, _bit_size int) ?u64 {
|
|
return strconv.parse_uint(s, _base, _bit_size)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// parse_int interprets a string s in the given base (0, 2 to 36) and
|
|
// bit size (0 to 64) and returns the corresponding value i.
|
|
//
|
|
// If the base argument is 0, the true base is implied by the string's
|
|
// prefix: 2 for "0b", 8 for "0" or "0o", 16 for "0x", and 10 otherwise.
|
|
// Also, for argument base 0 only, underscore characters are permitted
|
|
// as defined by the Go syntax for integer literals.
|
|
//
|
|
// The bitSize argument specifies the integer type
|
|
// that the result must fit into. Bit sizes 0, 8, 16, 32, and 64
|
|
// correspond to int, int8, int16, int32, and int64.
|
|
// If bitSize is below 0 or above 64, an error is returned.
|
|
//
|
|
// This method directly exposes the `parse_uint` function from `strconv`
|
|
// as a method on `string`. For more advanced features,
|
|
// consider calling `strconv.common_parse_uint` directly.
|
|
pub fn (s string) parse_int(_base int, _bit_size int) ?i64 {
|
|
return strconv.parse_int(s, _base, _bit_size)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
fn (s string) == (a string) bool {
|
|
if s.str == 0 {
|
|
// should never happen
|
|
panic('string.eq(): nil string')
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len != a.len {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len > 0 {
|
|
last_idx := s.len - 1
|
|
if s[last_idx] != a[last_idx] {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
return vmemcmp(s.str, a.str, a.len) == 0
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// compare returns -1 if `s` < `a`, 0 if `s` == `a`, and 1 if `s` > `a`
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) compare(a string) int {
|
|
min_len := if s.len < a.len { s.len } else { a.len }
|
|
for i in 0 .. min_len {
|
|
if s[i] < a[i] {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
if s[i] > a[i] {
|
|
return 1
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len < a.len {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len > a.len {
|
|
return 1
|
|
}
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
fn (s string) < (a string) bool {
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if i >= a.len || s[i] > a[i] {
|
|
return false
|
|
} else if s[i] < a[i] {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if s.len < a.len {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
fn (s string) + (a string) string {
|
|
new_len := a.len + s.len
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(new_len + 1) }
|
|
len: new_len
|
|
}
|
|
for j in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[j] = s.str[j]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
for j in 0 .. a.len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[s.len + j] = a.str[j]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[new_len] = 0 // V strings are not null terminated, but just in case
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// split_any splits the string to an array by any of the `delim` chars.
|
|
// Example: "first row\nsecond row".split_any(" \n") == ['first', 'row', 'second', 'row']
|
|
// Split a string using the chars in the delimiter string as delimiters chars.
|
|
// If the delimiter string is empty then `.split()` is used.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) split_any(delim string) []string {
|
|
mut res := []string{}
|
|
mut i := 0
|
|
// check empty source string
|
|
if s.len > 0 {
|
|
// if empty delimiter string using defautl split
|
|
if delim.len <= 0 {
|
|
return s.split('')
|
|
}
|
|
for index, ch in s {
|
|
for delim_ch in delim {
|
|
if ch == delim_ch {
|
|
res << s[i..index]
|
|
i = index + 1
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if i < s.len {
|
|
res << s[i..]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// split splits the string to an array by `delim`.
|
|
// Example: assert 'A B C'.split(' ') == ['A','B','C']
|
|
// If `delim` is empty the string is split by it's characters.
|
|
// Example: assert 'DEF'.split('') == ['D','E','F']
|
|
pub fn (s string) split(delim string) []string {
|
|
return s.split_nth(delim, 0)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// split_nth splits the string based on the passed `delim` substring.
|
|
// It returns the first Nth parts. When N=0, return all the splits.
|
|
// The last returned element has the remainder of the string, even if
|
|
// the remainder contains more `delim` substrings.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) split_nth(delim string, nth int) []string {
|
|
mut res := []string{}
|
|
mut i := 0
|
|
|
|
match delim.len {
|
|
0 {
|
|
i = 1
|
|
for ch in s {
|
|
if nth > 0 && i >= nth {
|
|
res << s[i..]
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
res << ch.ascii_str()
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
1 {
|
|
mut start := 0
|
|
delim_byte := delim[0]
|
|
|
|
for i < s.len {
|
|
if s[i] == delim_byte {
|
|
was_last := nth > 0 && res.len == nth - 1
|
|
if was_last {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
val := s.substr(start, i)
|
|
res << val
|
|
start = i + delim.len
|
|
i = start
|
|
} else {
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Then the remaining right part of the string
|
|
if nth < 1 || res.len < nth {
|
|
res << s[start..]
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
mut start := 0
|
|
// Take the left part for each delimiter occurence
|
|
for i <= s.len {
|
|
is_delim := i + delim.len <= s.len && s.substr(i, i + delim.len) == delim
|
|
if is_delim {
|
|
was_last := nth > 0 && res.len == nth - 1
|
|
if was_last {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
val := s.substr(start, i)
|
|
res << val
|
|
start = i + delim.len
|
|
i = start
|
|
} else {
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
// Then the remaining right part of the string
|
|
if nth < 1 || res.len < nth {
|
|
res << s[start..]
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// split_into_lines splits the string by newline characters.
|
|
// newlines are stripped.
|
|
// Both `\n` and `\r\n` newline endings are supported.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) split_into_lines() []string {
|
|
mut res := []string{}
|
|
if s.len == 0 {
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
mut start := 0
|
|
mut end := 0
|
|
for i := 0; i < s.len; i++ {
|
|
if s[i] == 10 {
|
|
end = if i > 0 && s[i - 1] == 13 { i - 1 } else { i }
|
|
res << if start == end { '' } else { s[start..end] }
|
|
start = i + 1
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if start < s.len {
|
|
res << s[start..]
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// used internally for [2..4]
|
|
fn (s string) substr2(start int, _end int, end_max bool) string {
|
|
end := if end_max { s.len } else { _end }
|
|
return s.substr(start, end)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// substr returns the string between index positions `start` and `end`.
|
|
// Example: assert 'ABCD'.substr(1,3) == 'BC'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) substr(start int, end int) string {
|
|
$if !no_bounds_checking ? {
|
|
if start > end || start > s.len || end > s.len || start < 0 || end < 0 {
|
|
panic('substr($start, $end) out of bounds (len=$s.len)')
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
len := end - start
|
|
if len == s.len {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(len + 1) }
|
|
len: len
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 0 .. len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[i] = s.str[start + i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// version of `substr()` that is used in `a[start..end] or {`
|
|
// return an error when the index is out of range
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) substr_with_check(start int, end int) ?string {
|
|
if start > end || start > s.len || end > s.len || start < 0 || end < 0 {
|
|
return error('substr($start, $end) out of bounds (len=$s.len)')
|
|
}
|
|
len := end - start
|
|
if len == s.len {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(len + 1) }
|
|
len: len
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 0 .. len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[i] = s.str[start + i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// substr_ni returns the string between index positions `start` and `end` allowing negative indexes
|
|
// This function always return a valid string.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) substr_ni(_start int, _end int) string {
|
|
mut start := _start
|
|
mut end := _end
|
|
|
|
// borders math
|
|
if start < 0 {
|
|
start = s.len + start
|
|
if start < 0 {
|
|
start = 0
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if end < 0 {
|
|
end = s.len + end
|
|
if end < 0 {
|
|
end = 0
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if end >= s.len {
|
|
end = s.len
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if start > s.len || end < start {
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(1) }
|
|
len: 0
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[0] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
len := end - start
|
|
|
|
// string copy
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(len + 1) }
|
|
len: len
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 0 .. len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[i] = s.str[start + i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index returns the position of the first character of the input string.
|
|
// It will return `-1` if the input string can't be found.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
fn (s string) index_(p string) int {
|
|
if p.len > s.len || p.len == 0 {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
if p.len > 2 {
|
|
return s.index_kmp(p)
|
|
}
|
|
mut i := 0
|
|
for i < s.len {
|
|
mut j := 0
|
|
for j < p.len && unsafe { s.str[i + j] == p.str[j] } {
|
|
j++
|
|
}
|
|
if j == p.len {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index returns the position of the first character of the input string.
|
|
// It will return `none` if the input string can't be found.
|
|
pub fn (s string) index(p string) ?int {
|
|
idx := s.index_(p)
|
|
if idx == -1 {
|
|
return none
|
|
}
|
|
return idx
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index_kmp does KMP search.
|
|
[direct_array_access; manualfree]
|
|
fn (s string) index_kmp(p string) int {
|
|
if p.len > s.len {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
mut prefix := []int{len: p.len}
|
|
defer {
|
|
unsafe { prefix.free() }
|
|
}
|
|
mut j := 0
|
|
for i := 1; i < p.len; i++ {
|
|
for unsafe { p.str[j] != p.str[i] } && j > 0 {
|
|
j = prefix[j - 1]
|
|
}
|
|
if unsafe { p.str[j] == p.str[i] } {
|
|
j++
|
|
}
|
|
prefix[i] = j
|
|
}
|
|
j = 0
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
for unsafe { p.str[j] != s.str[i] } && j > 0 {
|
|
j = prefix[j - 1]
|
|
}
|
|
if unsafe { p.str[j] == s.str[i] } {
|
|
j++
|
|
}
|
|
if j == p.len {
|
|
return i - p.len + 1
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index_any returns the position of any of the characters in the input string - if found.
|
|
pub fn (s string) index_any(chars string) int {
|
|
for i, ss in s {
|
|
for c in chars {
|
|
if c == ss {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// last_index returns the position of the last occurence of the input string.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
fn (s string) last_index_(p string) int {
|
|
if p.len > s.len || p.len == 0 {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
mut i := s.len - p.len
|
|
for i >= 0 {
|
|
mut j := 0
|
|
for j < p.len && unsafe { s.str[i + j] == p.str[j] } {
|
|
j++
|
|
}
|
|
if j == p.len {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
i--
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// last_index returns the position of the last occurence of the input string.
|
|
pub fn (s string) last_index(p string) ?int {
|
|
idx := s.last_index_(p)
|
|
if idx == -1 {
|
|
return none
|
|
}
|
|
return idx
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index_after returns the position of the input string, starting search from `start` position.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) index_after(p string, start int) int {
|
|
if p.len > s.len {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
mut strt := start
|
|
if start < 0 {
|
|
strt = 0
|
|
}
|
|
if start >= s.len {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
mut i := strt
|
|
for i < s.len {
|
|
mut j := 0
|
|
mut ii := i
|
|
for j < p.len && unsafe { s.str[ii] == p.str[j] } {
|
|
j++
|
|
ii++
|
|
}
|
|
if j == p.len {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// index_byte returns the index of byte `c` if found in the string.
|
|
// index_byte returns -1 if the byte can not be found.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) index_u8(c u8) int {
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if unsafe { s.str[i] } == c {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// last_index_byte returns the index of the last occurence of byte `c` if found in the string.
|
|
// last_index_byte returns -1 if the byte is not found.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) last_index_u8(c u8) int {
|
|
for i := s.len - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
|
|
if unsafe { s.str[i] == c } {
|
|
return i
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// count returns the number of occurrences of `substr` in the string.
|
|
// count returns -1 if no `substr` could be found.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) count(substr string) int {
|
|
if s.len == 0 || substr.len == 0 {
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
if substr.len > s.len {
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
mut n := 0
|
|
|
|
if substr.len == 1 {
|
|
target := substr[0]
|
|
|
|
for letter in s {
|
|
if letter == target {
|
|
n++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return n
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
mut i := 0
|
|
for {
|
|
i = s.index_after(substr, i)
|
|
if i == -1 {
|
|
return n
|
|
}
|
|
i += substr.len
|
|
n++
|
|
}
|
|
return 0 // TODO can never get here - v doesn't know that
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// contains returns `true` if the string contains `substr`.
|
|
// See also: [`string.index`](#string.index)
|
|
pub fn (s string) contains(substr string) bool {
|
|
if substr.len == 0 {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
if s.index_(substr) == -1 {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// contains_any returns `true` if the string contains any chars in `chars`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) contains_any(chars string) bool {
|
|
for c in chars {
|
|
if s.contains(c.ascii_str()) {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// contains_only returns `true`, if the string contains only the characters in `chars`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) contains_only(chars string) bool {
|
|
if chars.len == 0 {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
for ch in s {
|
|
mut res := 0
|
|
for i := 0; i < chars.len && res == 0; i++ {
|
|
res += int(ch == unsafe { chars.str[i] })
|
|
}
|
|
if res == 0 {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// contains_any_substr returns `true` if the string contains any of the strings in `substrs`.
|
|
pub fn (s string) contains_any_substr(substrs []string) bool {
|
|
if substrs.len == 0 {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
for sub in substrs {
|
|
if s.contains(sub) {
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// starts_with returns `true` if the string starts with `p`.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) starts_with(p string) bool {
|
|
if p.len > s.len {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 0 .. p.len {
|
|
if unsafe { s.str[i] != p.str[i] } {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// ends_with returns `true` if the string ends with `p`.
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) ends_with(p string) bool {
|
|
if p.len > s.len {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 0 .. p.len {
|
|
if unsafe { p.str[i] != s.str[s.len - p.len + i] } {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// to_lower returns the string in all lowercase characters.
|
|
// TODO only works with ASCII
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) to_lower() string {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
mut b := malloc_noscan(s.len + 1)
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if s.str[i] >= `A` && s.str[i] <= `Z` {
|
|
b[i] = s.str[i] + 32
|
|
} else {
|
|
b[i] = s.str[i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
b[s.len] = 0
|
|
return tos(b, s.len)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_lower returns `true` if all characters in the string is lowercase.
|
|
// Example: assert 'hello developer'.is_lower() == true
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) is_lower() bool {
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if s[i] >= `A` && s[i] <= `Z` {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// to_upper returns the string in all uppercase characters.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello V'.to_upper() == 'HELLO V'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) to_upper() string {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
mut b := malloc_noscan(s.len + 1)
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if s.str[i] >= `a` && s.str[i] <= `z` {
|
|
b[i] = s.str[i] - 32
|
|
} else {
|
|
b[i] = s.str[i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
b[s.len] = 0
|
|
return tos(b, s.len)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_upper returns `true` if all characters in the string is uppercase.
|
|
// See also: [`byte.is_capital`](#byte.is_capital)
|
|
// Example: assert 'HELLO V'.is_upper() == true
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) is_upper() bool {
|
|
for i in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
if s[i] >= `a` && s[i] <= `z` {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// capitalize returns the string with the first character capitalized.
|
|
// Example: assert 'hello'.capitalize() == 'Hello'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) capitalize() string {
|
|
if s.len == 0 {
|
|
return ''
|
|
}
|
|
s0 := s[0]
|
|
letter := s0.ascii_str()
|
|
uletter := letter.to_upper()
|
|
if s.len == 1 {
|
|
return uletter
|
|
}
|
|
srest := s[1..]
|
|
res := uletter + srest
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_capital returns `true`, if the first character in the string `s`,
|
|
// is a capital letter, and the rest are NOT.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello'.is_capital() == true
|
|
// Example: assert 'HelloWorld'.is_capital() == false
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) is_capital() bool {
|
|
if s.len == 0 || !(s[0] >= `A` && s[0] <= `Z`) {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
for i in 1 .. s.len {
|
|
if s[i] >= `A` && s[i] <= `Z` {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// starts_with_capital returns `true`, if the first character in the string `s`,
|
|
// is a capital letter, even if the rest are not.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello'.starts_with_capital() == true
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello. World.'.starts_with_capital() == true
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) starts_with_capital() bool {
|
|
if s.len == 0 || !(s[0] >= `A` && s[0] <= `Z`) {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// title returns the string with each word capitalized.
|
|
// Example: assert 'hello v developer'.title() == 'Hello V Developer'
|
|
pub fn (s string) title() string {
|
|
words := s.split(' ')
|
|
mut tit := []string{}
|
|
for word in words {
|
|
tit << word.capitalize()
|
|
}
|
|
title := tit.join(' ')
|
|
return title
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_title returns true if all words of the string are capitalized.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello V Developer'.is_title() == true
|
|
pub fn (s string) is_title() bool {
|
|
words := s.split(' ')
|
|
for word in words {
|
|
if !word.is_capital() {
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// find_between returns the string found between `start` string and `end` string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'hey [man] how you doin'.find_between('[', ']') == 'man'
|
|
pub fn (s string) find_between(start string, end string) string {
|
|
start_pos := s.index_(start)
|
|
if start_pos == -1 {
|
|
return ''
|
|
}
|
|
// First get everything to the right of 'start'
|
|
val := s[start_pos + start.len..]
|
|
end_pos := val.index_(end)
|
|
if end_pos == -1 {
|
|
return val
|
|
}
|
|
return val[..end_pos]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_space strips any of ` `, `\n`, `\t`, `\v`, `\f`, `\r` from the start and end of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert ' Hello V '.trim_space() == 'Hello V'
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_space() string {
|
|
return s.trim(' \n\t\v\f\r')
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim strips any of the characters given in `cutset` from the start and end of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert ' ffHello V ffff'.trim(' f') == 'Hello V'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim(cutset string) string {
|
|
if s.len < 1 || cutset.len < 1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut pos_left := 0
|
|
mut pos_right := s.len - 1
|
|
mut cs_match := true
|
|
for pos_left <= s.len && pos_right >= -1 && cs_match {
|
|
cs_match = false
|
|
for cs in cutset {
|
|
if s[pos_left] == cs {
|
|
pos_left++
|
|
cs_match = true
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
for cs in cutset {
|
|
if s[pos_right] == cs {
|
|
pos_right--
|
|
cs_match = true
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if pos_left > pos_right {
|
|
return ''
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return s.substr(pos_left, pos_right + 1)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_left strips any of the characters given in `cutset` from the left of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'd Hello V developer'.trim_left(' d') == 'Hello V developer'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_left(cutset string) string {
|
|
if s.len < 1 || cutset.len < 1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut pos := 0
|
|
for pos < s.len {
|
|
mut found := false
|
|
for cs in cutset {
|
|
if s[pos] == cs {
|
|
found = true
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if !found {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
pos++
|
|
}
|
|
return s[pos..]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_right strips any of the characters given in `cutset` from the right of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert ' Hello V d'.trim_right(' d') == ' Hello V'
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_right(cutset string) string {
|
|
if s.len < 1 || cutset.len < 1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut pos := s.len - 1
|
|
for pos >= 0 {
|
|
mut found := false
|
|
for cs in cutset {
|
|
if s[pos] == cs {
|
|
found = true
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if !found {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
pos--
|
|
}
|
|
if pos < 0 {
|
|
return ''
|
|
}
|
|
return s[..pos + 1]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_string_left strips `str` from the start of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'WorldHello V'.trim_string_left('World') == 'Hello V'
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_string_left(str string) string {
|
|
if s.starts_with(str) {
|
|
return s[str.len..]
|
|
}
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_string_right strips `str` from the end of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello VWorld'.trim_string_right('World') == 'Hello V'
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_string_right(str string) string {
|
|
if s.ends_with(str) {
|
|
return s[..s.len - str.len]
|
|
}
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_prefix strips `str` from the start of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'WorldHello V'.trim_prefix('World') == 'Hello V'
|
|
[deprecated: 'use s.trim_string_left(x) instead']
|
|
[deprecated_after: '2022-01-19']
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_prefix(str string) string {
|
|
return s.trim_string_left(str)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// trim_suffix strips `str` from the end of the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello VWorld'.trim_suffix('World') == 'Hello V'
|
|
[deprecated: 'use s.trim_string_right(x) instead']
|
|
[deprecated_after: '2022-01-19']
|
|
pub fn (s string) trim_suffix(str string) string {
|
|
return s.trim_string_right(str)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// compare_strings returns `-1` if `a < b`, `1` if `a > b` else `0`.
|
|
pub fn compare_strings(a &string, b &string) int {
|
|
if a < b {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
if a > b {
|
|
return 1
|
|
}
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// compare_strings_by_len returns `-1` if `a.len < b.len`, `1` if `a.len > b.len` else `0`.
|
|
fn compare_strings_by_len(a &string, b &string) int {
|
|
if a.len < b.len {
|
|
return -1
|
|
}
|
|
if a.len > b.len {
|
|
return 1
|
|
}
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// compare_lower_strings returns the same as compare_strings but converts `a` and `b` to lower case before comparing.
|
|
fn compare_lower_strings(a &string, b &string) int {
|
|
aa := a.to_lower()
|
|
bb := b.to_lower()
|
|
return compare_strings(&aa, &bb)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// sort_ignore_case sorts the string array using case insesitive comparing.
|
|
pub fn (mut s []string) sort_ignore_case() {
|
|
s.sort_with_compare(compare_lower_strings)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// sort_by_len sorts the the string array by each string's `.len` length.
|
|
pub fn (mut s []string) sort_by_len() {
|
|
s.sort_with_compare(compare_strings_by_len)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// str returns a copy of the string
|
|
pub fn (s string) str() string {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// at returns the byte at index `idx`.
|
|
// Example: assert 'ABC'.at(1) == u8(`B`)
|
|
fn (s string) at(idx int) byte {
|
|
$if !no_bounds_checking ? {
|
|
if idx < 0 || idx >= s.len {
|
|
panic('string index out of range: $idx / $s.len')
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
return s.str[idx]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// version of `at()` that is used in `a[i] or {`
|
|
// return an error when the index is out of range
|
|
fn (s string) at_with_check(idx int) ?u8 {
|
|
if idx < 0 || idx >= s.len {
|
|
return error('string index out of range')
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
return s.str[idx]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_space returns `true` if the byte is a white space character.
|
|
// The following list is considered white space characters: ` `, `\t`, `\n`, `\v`, `\f`, `\r`, 0x85, 0xa0
|
|
// Example: assert u8(` `).is_space() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_space() bool {
|
|
// 0x85 is NEXT LINE (NEL)
|
|
// 0xa0 is NO-BREAK SPACE
|
|
return c == 32 || (c > 8 && c < 14) || (c == 0x85) || (c == 0xa0)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_digit returns `true` if the byte is in range 0-9 and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`9`).is_digit() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_digit() bool {
|
|
return c >= `0` && c <= `9`
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_hex_digit returns `true` if the byte is either in range 0-9, a-f or A-F and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`F`).is_hex_digit() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_hex_digit() bool {
|
|
return (c >= `0` && c <= `9`) || (c >= `a` && c <= `f`) || (c >= `A` && c <= `F`)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_oct_digit returns `true` if the byte is in range 0-7 and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`7`).is_oct_digit() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_oct_digit() bool {
|
|
return c >= `0` && c <= `7`
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_bin_digit returns `true` if the byte is a binary digit (0 or 1) and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`0`).is_bin_digit() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_bin_digit() bool {
|
|
return c == `0` || c == `1`
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_letter returns `true` if the byte is in range a-z or A-Z and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`V`).is_letter() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_letter() bool {
|
|
return (c >= `a` && c <= `z`) || (c >= `A` && c <= `Z`)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_alnum returns `true` if the byte is in range a-z, A-Z, 0-9 and `false` otherwise.
|
|
// Example: assert u8(`V`).is_alnum() == true
|
|
[inline]
|
|
pub fn (c u8) is_alnum() bool {
|
|
return (c >= `a` && c <= `z`) || (c >= `A` && c <= `Z`) || (c >= `0` && c <= `9`)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// free allows for manually freeing the memory occupied by the string
|
|
[manualfree; unsafe]
|
|
pub fn (s &string) free() {
|
|
$if prealloc {
|
|
return
|
|
}
|
|
if s.is_lit == -98761234 {
|
|
double_free_msg := unsafe { &u8(c'double string.free() detected\n') }
|
|
double_free_msg_len := unsafe { vstrlen(double_free_msg) }
|
|
$if freestanding {
|
|
bare_eprint(double_free_msg, u64(double_free_msg_len))
|
|
} $else {
|
|
_write_buf_to_fd(1, double_free_msg, double_free_msg_len)
|
|
}
|
|
return
|
|
}
|
|
if s.is_lit == 1 || s.str == 0 {
|
|
return
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
// C.printf(c's: %x %s\n', s.str, s.str)
|
|
free(s.str)
|
|
}
|
|
s.is_lit = -98761234
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// before returns the contents before `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.before('.') == '23:34:45'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.before('.') == 'abcd'
|
|
// TODO: deprecate and remove either .before or .all_before
|
|
pub fn (s string) before(sub string) string {
|
|
pos := s.index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[..pos]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// all_before returns the contents before `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.all_before('.') == '23:34:45'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.all_before('.') == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) all_before(sub string) string {
|
|
// TODO remove dup method
|
|
pos := s.index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[..pos]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// all_before_last returns the contents before the last occurence of `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.all_before_last(':') == '23:34'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.all_before_last('.') == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) all_before_last(sub string) string {
|
|
pos := s.last_index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[..pos]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// all_after returns the contents after `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after('.') == '234'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.all_after('z') == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) all_after(sub string) string {
|
|
pos := s.index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[pos + sub.len..]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// all_after_last returns the contents after the last occurence of `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after_last(':') == '45.234'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.all_after_last('z') == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) all_after_last(sub string) string {
|
|
pos := s.last_index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[pos + sub.len..]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// all_after_first returns the contents after the first occurence of `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.all_after_first(':') == '34:45.234'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.all_after_first('z') == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) all_after_first(sub string) string {
|
|
pos := s.index_(sub)
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[pos + sub.len..]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// after returns the contents after the last occurence of `sub` in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.after(':') == '45.234'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.after('z') == 'abcd'
|
|
// TODO: deprecate either .all_after_last or .after
|
|
pub fn (s string) after(sub string) string {
|
|
return s.all_after_last(sub)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// after_char returns the contents after the first occurence of `sub` character in the string.
|
|
// If the substring is not found, it returns the full input string.
|
|
// Example: assert '23:34:45.234'.after_char(`:`) == '34:45.234'
|
|
// Example: assert 'abcd'.after_char(`:`) == 'abcd'
|
|
pub fn (s string) after_char(sub u8) string {
|
|
mut pos := -1
|
|
for i, c in s {
|
|
if c == sub {
|
|
pos = i
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if pos == -1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return s[pos + 1..]
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// join joins a string array into a string using `sep` separator.
|
|
// Example: assert ['Hello','V'].join(' ') == 'Hello V'
|
|
pub fn (a []string) join(sep string) string {
|
|
if a.len == 0 {
|
|
return ''
|
|
}
|
|
mut len := 0
|
|
for val in a {
|
|
len += val.len + sep.len
|
|
}
|
|
len -= sep.len
|
|
// Allocate enough memory
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(len + 1) }
|
|
len: len
|
|
}
|
|
mut idx := 0
|
|
for i, val in a {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
vmemcpy(voidptr(res.str + idx), val.str, val.len)
|
|
idx += val.len
|
|
}
|
|
// Add sep if it's not last
|
|
if i != a.len - 1 {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
vmemcpy(voidptr(res.str + idx), sep.str, sep.len)
|
|
idx += sep.len
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[res.len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// join joins a string array into a string using a `\n` newline delimiter.
|
|
pub fn (s []string) join_lines() string {
|
|
return s.join('\n')
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// reverse returns a reversed string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'Hello V'.reverse() == 'V olleH'
|
|
pub fn (s string) reverse() string {
|
|
if s.len == 0 || s.len == 1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut res := string{
|
|
str: unsafe { malloc_noscan(s.len + 1) }
|
|
len: s.len
|
|
}
|
|
for i := s.len - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[s.len - i - 1] = s[i]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
res.str[res.len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// limit returns a portion of the string, starting at `0` and extending for a given number of characters afterward.
|
|
// 'hello'.limit(2) => 'he'
|
|
// 'hi'.limit(10) => 'hi'
|
|
pub fn (s string) limit(max int) string {
|
|
u := s.runes()
|
|
if u.len <= max {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
return u[0..max].string()
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// hash returns an integer hash of the string.
|
|
pub fn (s string) hash() int {
|
|
mut h := u32(0)
|
|
if h == 0 && s.len > 0 {
|
|
for c in s {
|
|
h = h * 31 + u32(c)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
return int(h)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// bytes returns the string converted to a byte array.
|
|
pub fn (s string) bytes() []u8 {
|
|
if s.len == 0 {
|
|
return []
|
|
}
|
|
mut buf := []u8{len: s.len}
|
|
unsafe { vmemcpy(buf.data, s.str, s.len) }
|
|
return buf
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// repeat returns a new string with `count` number of copies of the string it was called on.
|
|
pub fn (s string) repeat(count int) string {
|
|
if count < 0 {
|
|
panic('string.repeat: count is negative: $count')
|
|
} else if count == 0 {
|
|
return ''
|
|
} else if count == 1 {
|
|
return s.clone()
|
|
}
|
|
mut ret := unsafe { malloc_noscan(s.len * count + 1) }
|
|
for i in 0 .. count {
|
|
for j in 0 .. s.len {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[i * s.len + j] = s[j]
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
new_len := s.len * count
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[new_len] = 0
|
|
}
|
|
return unsafe { ret.vstring_with_len(new_len) }
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// fields returns a string array of the string split by `\t` and ` `
|
|
// Example: assert '\t\tv = v'.fields() == ['v', '=', 'v']
|
|
// Example: assert ' sss ssss'.fields() == ['sss', 'ssss']
|
|
pub fn (s string) fields() []string {
|
|
mut res := []string{}
|
|
mut word_start := 0
|
|
mut word_len := 0
|
|
mut is_in_word := false
|
|
mut is_space := false
|
|
for i, c in s {
|
|
is_space = c in [32, 9, 10]
|
|
if !is_space {
|
|
word_len++
|
|
}
|
|
if !is_in_word && !is_space {
|
|
word_start = i
|
|
is_in_word = true
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
if is_space && is_in_word {
|
|
res << s[word_start..word_start + word_len]
|
|
is_in_word = false
|
|
word_len = 0
|
|
word_start = 0
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if is_in_word && word_len > 0 {
|
|
// collect the remainder word at the end
|
|
res << s[word_start..s.len]
|
|
}
|
|
return res
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// strip_margin allows multi-line strings to be formatted in a way that removes white-space
|
|
// before a delimeter. by default `|` is used.
|
|
// Note: the delimiter has to be a byte at this time. That means surrounding
|
|
// the value in ``.
|
|
//
|
|
// Example:
|
|
// ```v
|
|
// st := 'Hello there,
|
|
// | this is a string,
|
|
// | Everything before the first | is removed'.strip_margin()
|
|
//
|
|
// assert st == 'Hello there,
|
|
// this is a string,
|
|
// Everything before the first | is removed'
|
|
// ```
|
|
pub fn (s string) strip_margin() string {
|
|
return s.strip_margin_custom(`|`)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// strip_margin_custom does the same as `strip_margin` but will use `del` as delimiter instead of `|`
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (s string) strip_margin_custom(del u8) string {
|
|
mut sep := del
|
|
if sep.is_space() {
|
|
println('Warning: `strip_margin` cannot use white-space as a delimiter')
|
|
println(' Defaulting to `|`')
|
|
sep = `|`
|
|
}
|
|
// don't know how much space the resulting string will be, but the max it
|
|
// can be is this big
|
|
mut ret := unsafe { malloc_noscan(s.len + 1) }
|
|
mut count := 0
|
|
for i := 0; i < s.len; i++ {
|
|
if s[i] in [10, 13] {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[count] = s[i]
|
|
}
|
|
count++
|
|
// CRLF
|
|
if s[i] == 13 && i < s.len - 1 && s[i + 1] == 10 {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[count] = s[i + 1]
|
|
}
|
|
count++
|
|
i++
|
|
}
|
|
for s[i] != sep {
|
|
i++
|
|
if i >= s.len {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[count] = s[i]
|
|
}
|
|
count++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
unsafe {
|
|
ret[count] = 0
|
|
return ret.vstring_with_len(count)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// match_glob matches the string, with a Unix shell-style wildcard pattern.
|
|
// Note: wildcard patterns are NOT the same as regular expressions.
|
|
// They are much simpler, and do not allow backtracking, captures, etc.
|
|
// The special characters used in shell-style wildcards are:
|
|
// `*` - matches everything
|
|
// `?` - matches any single character
|
|
// `[seq]` - matches any of the characters in the sequence
|
|
// `[^seq]` - matches any character that is NOT in the sequence
|
|
// Any other character in `pattern`, is matched 1:1 to the corresponding
|
|
// character in `name`, including / and \.
|
|
// You can wrap the meta-characters in brackets too, i.e. `[?]` matches `?`
|
|
// in the string, and `[*]` matches `*` in the string.
|
|
// Example: assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('AB*')
|
|
// Example: assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('*D')
|
|
// Example: assert 'ABCD'.match_glob('*B*')
|
|
// Example: assert !'ABCD'.match_glob('AB')
|
|
[direct_array_access]
|
|
pub fn (name string) match_glob(pattern string) bool {
|
|
// Initial port based on https://research.swtch.com/glob.go
|
|
// See also https://research.swtch.com/glob
|
|
mut px := 0
|
|
mut nx := 0
|
|
mut next_px := 0
|
|
mut next_nx := 0
|
|
plen := pattern.len
|
|
nlen := name.len
|
|
for px < plen || nx < nlen {
|
|
if px < plen {
|
|
c := pattern[px]
|
|
match c {
|
|
`?` {
|
|
// single-character wildcard
|
|
if nx < nlen {
|
|
px++
|
|
nx++
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
`*` {
|
|
// zero-or-more-character wildcard
|
|
// Try to match at nx.
|
|
// If that doesn't work out, restart at nx+1 next.
|
|
next_px = px
|
|
next_nx = nx + 1
|
|
px++
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
`[` {
|
|
if nx < nlen {
|
|
wanted_c := name[nx]
|
|
mut bstart := px
|
|
mut is_inverted := false
|
|
mut inner_match := false
|
|
mut inner_idx := bstart + 1
|
|
mut inner_c := 0
|
|
if inner_idx < plen {
|
|
inner_c = pattern[inner_idx]
|
|
if inner_c == `^` {
|
|
is_inverted = true
|
|
inner_idx++
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
for ; inner_idx < plen; inner_idx++ {
|
|
inner_c = pattern[inner_idx]
|
|
if inner_c == `]` {
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
if inner_c == wanted_c {
|
|
inner_match = true
|
|
for px < plen && pattern[px] != `]` {
|
|
px++
|
|
}
|
|
break
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if is_inverted {
|
|
if inner_match {
|
|
return false
|
|
} else {
|
|
px = inner_idx
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
px++
|
|
nx++
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
else {
|
|
// an ordinary character
|
|
if nx < nlen && name[nx] == c {
|
|
px++
|
|
nx++
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
if 0 < next_nx && next_nx <= nlen {
|
|
// A mismatch, try restarting:
|
|
px = next_px
|
|
nx = next_nx
|
|
continue
|
|
}
|
|
return false
|
|
}
|
|
// Matched all of `pattern` to all of `name`
|
|
return true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// is_ascii returns true if all characters belong to the US-ASCII set ([` `..`~`])
|
|
pub fn (s string) is_ascii() bool {
|
|
return !s.bytes().any(it < u8(` `) || it > u8(`~`))
|
|
}
|