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fenom/docs/en/syntax.md

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Syntax

Fenom implements Smarty syntax with some improvements. All Fenom tags enclosed in the delimiters { and }, for example {var $five = 5}. If you wanna leave delimiters as is in the template use special statements or tags.

Note Fenom implements Smarty syntax but not implements Smarty tags, however, some tags very similar. But not so bad, Fenom has the extras that make Fenom like Smarty.

Variable

Variables in Fenom can be either displayed directly or used as arguments for functions, attributes and modifiers, inside conditional expressions, etc.

Use variables

Next example uses simple variables $user_id ans $user_name

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user_id}">{$user_name}</a>.</div>

Example outputs next HTML code:

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/17">Bzick</a>.</div>

You can also reference associative array variables by specifying the key after a dot . symbol or paste key name into square brackets, as in PHP.

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user.id}">{$user.name}</a>.</div>

{$user.id} and {$user['id']} are same:

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user['id']}">{$user['name']}</a>.</div>

Properties of objects assigned from PHP can be referenced by specifying the property name after the -> symbol:

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user->id}">{$user->name}</a>.</div>

Methods of objects defined in PHP can be invoked by specifying the method name after the -> symbol and use parenthesis with arguments:

<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user->getId()}">{$user->getName()}</a>.</div>

Note Be careful, Fenom do not checks existence of the method before invoke. To avoid the problem class of the object have to define method __call, which throws an exception, etc. Also you can prohibit method call in settings.

Below is complex example:

{$foo.bar.baz}
{$foo.$bar.$baz}
{$foo[5].baz}
{$foo[5].$baz}
{$foo.bar.baz[4]}
{$foo[ $bar.baz ]}
{$foo[5]}
{$foo.5}
{$foo.bar}
{$foo.'bar'}
{$foo."bar"}
{$foo['bar']}
{$foo["bar"]}
{$foo.$bar}
{$foo[$bar]}
{$foo->bar}
{$foo->bar.buz}
{$foo->bar.buz[ $bar->getId("user") ]}
{$foo->bar(5)->buz(5.5)}

System variable

Unnamed system variable starts with $. and allows access to global variables and template information:

  • $.get is $_GET.
  • $.post is $_POST.
  • $.cookie is $_COOKIE.
  • $.session is $_SESSION.
  • $.globals is $GLOBALS.
  • $.request is $_REQUEST.
  • $.files is $_FILES.
  • $.server is $_SERVER.
  • $.env is $_ENV.
  • $.tpl.name returns current template name.
  • $.tpl.schema returns current schema of the template.
  • $.version returns version of the Fenom.
  • $.const paste constant.
{if $.get.debug? && $.const.DEBUG}
   ...
{/if}

Variable operations

Fenom supports math, logic, comparison, containment, test, concatenation operators...

todo

See all operators

Set variable

{var $foo = "bar"}
{var $foo = "bar"|upper} {* apply modifier *}
{var $foo = 5}
{var $foo = $x + $y}
{var $foo = $x.y[z] + $y}
{var $foo = strlen($a)} {* work with functions *}
{var $foo = myfunct( ($x+$y)*3 )}
{var $foo.bar.baz = 1} {* multidimensional value support *}
{var $foo = $object->item->method($y, 'named')} {* work with object fine *}

Using block tag

{var $foo}
    content {$text|truncate:30}
{/var}
{var $foo|truncate:50} {* apply modifier to content *}
    content {$text}
{/var}

Set array

{var $foo = [1, 2, 3]} numeric array
{var $foo = ['y' => 'yellow', 'b' => 'blue']} associative array
{var $foo = [1, [9, 8], 3]} can be nested
{var $foo = [1, $two, $three * 3 + 9]}
{var $foo = [$a, $d.c, $a + $f]}
{var $foo = ['y' => 'yellow', $color|upper => $colors[ $color ]}
{var $foo = [1, [$parent, $a->method()], 3]}

See also {var} documentation.

Scalar values

Strings

When the string in double quotation marks, all the expressions in the string will be run. The result of expressions will be inserted into the string instead it.

{var $foo="Username"}
{var $user.name="Username"}
{"Hi, $foo"}          outputs "Hi, Username"
{"Hi, {$foo}"}        outputs "Hi, Username"
{"Hi, {$user.name}"}  outputs "Hi, Username"
{"Hi, {$user.name|up}"} outputs "Hi, USERNAME"
{"Hi, {$user->getName(true)}"} outputs Hi, Username
{var $message = "Hi, {$user.name}"}

but if use single quote any template expressions will be on display as it is

{'Hi, $foo'}            outputs 'Hi, $foo'
{'Hi, {$foo}'}          outputs 'Hi, {$foo}'
{'Hi, {$user.name}'}    outputs 'Hi, {$user.name}'
{'Hi, {$user.name|up}'} outputs "Hi, {$user.name|up}"

Integers

Integers can be specified in decimal (base 10), hexadecimal (base 16), octal (base 8) or binary (base 2) notation, optionally preceded by a sign (- or +).

To use octal notation, precede the number with a 0 (zero). To use hexadecimal notation precede the number with 0x. To use binary notation precede the number with 0b.

{var $a = 1234} decimal number
{var $a = -123} a negative number
{var $a = 0123} octal number (equivalent to 83 decimal)
{var $a = 0x1A} hexadecimal number (equivalent to 26 decimal)
{var $a = 0b11111111} binary number (equivalent to 255 decimal)

Note The size of an integer is platform-dependent, although a maximum value of about two billion is the usual value (that's 32 bits signed). 64-bit platforms usually have a maximum value of about 9223372036854775807

Warning If an invalid digit is given in an octal integer (i.e. 8 or 9), the rest of the number is ignored.

Floating point numbers

Floating point numbers (also known as "floats", "doubles", or "real numbers") can be specified using any of the following syntaxes:

{var $a = 1.234}
{var $b = 1.2e3}
{var $c = 7E-10}

Modifiers

Variable modifiers can be applied to variables, custom functions or strings. To apply a modifier, specify the value followed by a | (pipe) and the modifier name. A modifier may accept additional parameters that affect its behavior. These parameters follow the modifier name and are separated by a : (colon).

{var $foo="User"}
{$foo|upper}            outputs "USER"
{$foo|lower}            outputs "user"
{"{$foo|lower}"}        outputs "user"
{"User"|lower}}         outputs "user"
{$looong_text|truncate:80:"..."}  truncate the text to 80 symbols and append <continue> symbols, like "..."
{$looong_text|lower|truncate:$settings.count:$settings.etc}
{var $foo="Ivan"|upper}    sets $foo value "USER"

List of modifiers

Tags

Basically, tag seems like

{FUNCNAME attr1 = "val1" attr2 = $val2}

Tags starts with name and may have attributes

Это общий формат функций, но могут быть исключения, например функция {var}, использованная выше.

{include file="my.tpl"}
{var $foo=5}
{if $user.loggined}
    Welcome, <span style="color: red">{$user.name}!</span>
{else}
    Who are you?
{/if}

В общем случае аргументы принимают любой формат переменных, в том числе результаты арифметических операций и модификаторов.

{funct arg=true}
{funct arg=5}
{funct arg=1.2}
{funct arg='string'}
{funct arg="string this {$var}"}
{funct arg=[1,2,34]}
{funct arg=$x}
{funct arg=$x.c}

{funct arg="ivan"|upper}
{funct arg=$a.d.c|lower}

{funct arg=1+2}
{funct arg=$a.d.c+4}
{funct arg=($a.d.c|count+4)/3}

Static method support

By default static methods are allowed in templates

{Lib\Math::multiple x=3 y=4} static method as tag
{Lib\Math::multiple(3,4)}  inline static method
{12 + Lib\Math::multiple(3,4)}
{12 + 3|Lib\Math::multiple:4}  static method as modifier

You may disable call static methods in template, see in security options option deny_static

Ignoring template code

It is sometimes desirable or even necessary to have ignore sections it would otherwise parse. A classic example is embedding Javascript or CSS code in a template. The problem arises as those languages use the { and } characters which are also the default delimiters for Fenom. Fenom has several solutions:

  1. Uses block tag {ignore} {/ignore}. Anything within {ignore} {/ignore} tags is not interpreted, but displayed as-is.
  2. The { and } braces will be ignored so long as they are surrounded by white space.
  3. Uses tag option :ignore for block tag. Все Fenom теги внутри блока будут проигнорированны

Example:

{ignore}
<style>
	h1 {font-size: 24px; color: #F00;}
</style>
{/ignore}
<script>
	(function (text) {
		var e = document.createElement('P');
		e.innerHTML = text;
		document.body.appendChild(e);
	})('test');
{if:ignore $cdn.yandex}
    var item = {cdn: "//yandex.st/"};
{/if}
</script>

Outputs

<style>
	h1 {font-size: 24px; color: #F00;}
</style>
<script>
	(function (text) {
		var e = document.createElement('P');
		e.innerHTML = text;
		document.body.appendChild(e);
	})('test');
	var item = {cdn: "//yandex.st/"};
</script>

Whitespaces

Tags to allow any number of spaces

{include 'control.tpl'
    $options = $list
    $name    = $cp.name
    $type    = 'select'
    isolate  = true
    disable_static = true
}

{foreach [
    "one"   => 1,
    "two"   => 2,
    "three" => 3
] as $key   => $val}

    {$key}: {$val}

{/foreach}

Tag options

TODO

name code type description
strip s block enable strip option for a block of the template
raw a any ignore escape option
escape e any force escape
ignore i block ignore Fenom syntax 
{script:ignore} ... {/script}
{foreach:ignore:strip ...} ... {/foreach}