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346 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
346 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
Syntax
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======
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Fenom implements [Smarty](http://www.smarty.net/) syntax with some improvements.
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All Fenom tags enclosed in the delimiters `{` and `}`, for example `{var $five = 5}`.
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If you wanna leave delimiters as is in the template use [special statements or tags](#ignoring-delimiters).
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**Note**
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Fenom implements [Smarty](http://www.smarty.net/) syntax but not implements Smarty tags, however, some tags very similar.
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But not so bad, Fenom has the [extras](https://github.com/bzick/fenom-extra) that make Fenom like Smarty.
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## Variable
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Variables in Fenom can be either displayed directly or used as arguments for functions, attributes and modifiers,
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inside conditional expressions, etc.
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### Use variables
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Next example uses simple variables `$user_id` ans `$user_name`
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```smarty
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user_id}">{$user_name}</a>.</div>
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```
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Example outputs next HTML code:
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```html
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/17">Bzick</a>.</div>
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```
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Переменные могут быть массивом. В этом случае обращение по ключу происходит через опертор `.` или, как в PHP, через операторы `[` и `]`
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```smarty
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user.id}">{$user.name}</a>.</div>
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```
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`{$user.id}` and `{$user['id']}` are same:
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```smarty
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user['id']}">{$user.['name']}</a>.</div>
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```
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В случае объекта, доступ к его свойствам осущесвляется так как и в PHP — через оператор `->`:
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```smarty
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user->id}">{$user->name}</a>.</div>
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```
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Методы, как и свойства можно вызвать через оператор `->`, передав в метод любые рагументы:
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```smarty
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<div class="user">Hello, <a href="/users/{$user->getId()}">{$user->getName()}</a>.</div>
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```
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*Note*
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Be careful, Fenom do not checks existence of the method before invoke.
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To avoid the problem class of the object have to define method `__call`, which throws an exception, etc.
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Also you can prohibit method call in [settings](./docs/configuration.md).
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Можно комбинировать различные варианты вызовов:
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```smarty
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{$foo.bar.baz}
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{$foo.$bar.$baz}
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{$foo[5].baz}
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{$foo[5].$baz}
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{$foo.bar.baz[4]}
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{$foo[ $bar.baz ]}
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{$foo[5]}
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{$foo.5}
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{$foo.bar}
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{$foo.'bar'}
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{$foo."bar"}
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{$foo['bar']}
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{$foo["bar"]}
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{$foo.$bar}
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{$foo[$bar]}
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{$foo->bar}
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{$foo->bar.buz}
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{$foo->bar.buz[ $bar->getId("user") ]}
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{$foo->bar(5)->buz(5.5)}
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```
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### System variable
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Unnamed system variable starts with `$.` and allows access to global variables and system info (fix doc):
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* `$.get` is `$_GET`.
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* `$.post` is `$_POST`.
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* `$.cookie` is `$_COOKIE`.
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* `$.session` is `$_SESSION`.
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* `$.globals` is `$GLOBALS`.
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* `$.request` is `$_REQUEST`.
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* `$.files` is `$_FILES`.
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* `$.server` is `$_SERVER`.
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* `$.env` is `$_ENV`.
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* `$.tpl.name` returns current template name.
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* `$.tpl.schema` returns current schema of the template.
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* `$.version` returns version of the Fenom.
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* `$.const` paste constant.
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```smarty
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{if $.get.debug? && $.const.DEBUG}
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...
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{/if}
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```
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### Math operations
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```smarty
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{$x+$y}
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{$foo[$x+3]}
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{$foo[$x+3]*$x+3*$y % 3}
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```
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See all [operators](./operators.md)
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### Static method support
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```smarty
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{Lib\Math::multiple x=3 y=4} static method as tag
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{Lib\Math::multiple(3,4)} inline static method
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{12 + Lib\Math::multiple(3,4)}
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{12 + 3|Lib\Math::multiple:4} static method as modifier
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```
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You may disable call static methods in template, see in [security options](./settings.md) option `deny_static`
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### Set variable
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```smarty
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{var $foo = "bar"}
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{var $foo = "bar"|upper} {* apply modifier *}
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{var $foo = 5}
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{var $foo = $x + $y}
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{var $foo = $x.y[z] + $y}
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{var $foo = strlen($a)} {* work with functions *}
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{var $foo = myfunct( ($x+$y)*3 )}
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{var $foo.bar.baz = 1} {* multidimensional value support *}
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{var $foo = $object->item->method($y, 'named')} {* work with object fine *}
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```
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Using block tag
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```smarty
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{var $foo}
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content {$text|truncate:30}
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{/var}
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{var $foo|truncate:50} {* apply modifier to content *}
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content {$text}
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{/var}
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```
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Set array
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```smarty
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{var $foo = [1, 2, 3]} numeric array
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{var $foo = ['y' => 'yellow', 'b' => 'blue']} associative array
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{var $foo = [1, [9, 8], 3]} can be nested
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{var $foo = [1, $two, $three * 3 + 9]}
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{var $foo = [$a, $d.c, $a + $f]}
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{var $foo = ['y' => 'yellow', $color|upper => $colors[ $color ]}
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{var $foo = [1, [$parent, $a->method()], 3]}
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```
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See also [{var}](./tags/var.md) documentation.
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## Scalar values
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### Strings
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When the string in double quotation marks, all the expressions in the string will be run.
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The result of expressions will be inserted into the string instead it.
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```smarty
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{var $foo="Username"}
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{var $user.name="Username"}
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{"Hi, $foo"} outputs "Hi, Username"
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{"Hi, {$foo}"} outputs "Hi, Username"
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{"Hi, {$user.name}"} outputs "Hi, Username"
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{"Hi, {$user.name|up}"} outputs "Hi, USERNAME"
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{"Hi, {$user->getName(true)}"} outputs Hi, Username
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{var $message = "Hi, {$user.name}"}
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```
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but if use single quote any template expressions will be on display as it is
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```smarty
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{'Hi, $foo'} outputs 'Hi, $foo'
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{'Hi, {$foo}'} outputs 'Hi, {$foo}'
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{'Hi, {$user.name}'} outputs 'Hi, {$user.name}'
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{'Hi, {$user.name|up}'} outputs "Hi, {$user.name|up}"
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```
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### Numbers
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```smarty
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{2|pow:10}
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{var $magick = 5381|calc}
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{0.2|round}
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{1e-6|round}
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```
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## Modifiers
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* Modifiers allows change some value before output or using.
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* To apply a modifier, specify the value followed by a `|` (pipe) and the modifier name.
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* A modifier may accept additional parameters that affect its behavior. These parameters follow the modifier name and are separated by a `:` (colon).
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```smarty
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{var $foo="User"}
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{$foo|upper} outputs "USER"
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{$foo|lower} outputs "user"
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{"{$foo|lower}"} outputs "user"
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{"User"|lower}} outputs "user"
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{$looong_text|truncate:80:"..."} truncate the text to 80 symbols and append <continue> symbols, like "..."
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{$looong_text|lower|truncate:$settings.count:$settings.etc}
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{var $foo="Ivan"|upper} sets $foo value "USER"
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```
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[List of modifiers](./main.md#modifiers)
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## Tags
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Basically, tag seems like
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```smarty
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{FUNCNAME attr1 = "val1" attr2 = $val2}
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```
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Tags starts with name and may have attributes
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Это общий формат функций, но могут быть исключения, например функция [{var}](./tags/var.md), использованная выше.
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```smarty
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{include file="my.tpl"}
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{var $foo=5}
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{if $user.loggined}
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Welcome, <span style="color: red">{$user.name}!</span>
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{else}
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Who are you?
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{/if}
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```
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В общем случае аргументы принимают любой формат переменных, в том числе результаты арифметических операций и модификаторов.
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```smarty
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{funct arg=true}
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{funct arg=5}
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{funct arg=1.2}
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{funct arg='string'}
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{funct arg="string this {$var}"}
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{funct arg=[1,2,34]}
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{funct arg=$x}
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{funct arg=$x.c}
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```
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```smarty
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{funct arg="ivan"|upper}
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{funct arg=$a.d.c|lower}
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```
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```smarty
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{funct arg=1+2}
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{funct arg=$a.d.c+4}
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{funct arg=($a.d.c|count+4)/3}
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```
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### Ignoring template code
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В шаблонизаторе Fenom используются фигурные скобки для отделения HTML от кода Fenom.
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Если требуется вывести текст, содержащий фигурные скобки, то есть следующие варианты это сделать:
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1. Использование блочного тега `{ignore}{/ignore}`. Текст внутри этого тега текст не компилируется шаблонизатором и выводится как есть.
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2. Если после открывающей фигурной скобки есть пробельный символ (пробел или `\t`) или перенос строки (`\r` или `\n`), то она не воспринимается как разделитель кода Fenom и код после неё выводится как есть.
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3. Установить опцию `:ignore` у блочного тега. Все Fenom теги внутри блока будут проигнорированны
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Example:
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```smarty
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{ignore}
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<style>
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h1 {font-size: 24px; color: #F00;}
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</style>
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{/ignore}
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<script>
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(function (text) {
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var e = document.createElement('P');
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e.innerHTML = text;
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document.body.appendChild(e);
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})('test');
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{if:ignore $cdn.yandex}
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var item = {cdn: "//yandex.st/"};
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{/if}
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</script>
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```
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Outputs
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```html
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<style>
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h1 {font-size: 24px; color: #F00;}
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</style>
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<script>
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(function (text) {
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var e = document.createElement('P');
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e.innerHTML = text;
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document.body.appendChild(e);
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})('test');
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var item = {cdn: "//yandex.st/"};
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</script>
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```
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### Whitespaces
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Шаблонизатор допускает любое количество пробелов или переносов строк в своём коде
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```smarty
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{include 'control.tpl'
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$options = $list
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$name = $cp.name
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$type = 'select'
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isolate = true
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disable_static = true
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}
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{foreach [
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"one" => 1,
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"two" => 2,
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"three" => 3
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] as $key => $val}
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{$key}: {$val}
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{/foreach}
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```
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### Tag options
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| name | code | type | description |
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| ------- | ---- | ----- | ------------ |
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| strip | s | block | enable `strip` option for a block of the template |
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| raw | a | any | ignore escape option |
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| escape | e | any | force escape |
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| ignore | i | block | ignore Fenom syntax |
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```smarty
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{script:ignore} ... {/script}
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{foreach:ignore:strip ...} ... {/foreach}
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```
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