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adt: implement a doubly linked list (#12950)
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Miccah
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284
vlib/adt/doubly_linked_list.v
Normal file
284
vlib/adt/doubly_linked_list.v
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@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
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module adt
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struct DoublyListNode<T> {
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mut:
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data T
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next &DoublyListNode<T> = 0
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prev &DoublyListNode<T> = 0
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}
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pub struct DoublyLinkedList<T> {
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mut:
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head &DoublyListNode<T> = 0
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tail &DoublyListNode<T> = 0
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// Internal iter pointer for allowing safe modification
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// of the list while iterating. TODO: use an option
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// instead of a pointer to determine it is initialized.
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iter &DoublyListIter<T> = 0
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len int
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}
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// is_empty checks if the linked list is empty
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pub fn (list DoublyLinkedList<T>) is_empty() bool {
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return list.len == 0
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}
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// len returns the length of the linked list
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pub fn (list DoublyLinkedList<T>) len() int {
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return list.len
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}
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// first returns the first element of the linked list
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pub fn (list DoublyLinkedList<T>) first() ?T {
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if list.is_empty() {
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return error('Linked list is empty')
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}
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return list.head.data
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}
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// last returns the last element of the linked list
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pub fn (list DoublyLinkedList<T>) last() ?T {
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if list.is_empty() {
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return error('Linked list is empty')
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}
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return list.tail.data
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}
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// push_back adds an element to the end of the linked list
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) push_back(item T) {
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mut new_node := &DoublyListNode{
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data: item
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}
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if list.is_empty() {
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// first node case
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list.head = new_node
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list.tail = new_node
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} else {
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list.tail.next = new_node
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new_node.prev = list.tail
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list.tail = new_node
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}
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list.len += 1
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}
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// push_front adds an element to the beginning of the linked list
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) push_front(item T) {
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mut new_node := &DoublyListNode{
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data: item
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}
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if list.is_empty() {
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// first node case
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list.head = new_node
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list.tail = new_node
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} else {
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list.head.prev = new_node
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new_node.next = list.head
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list.head = new_node
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}
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list.len += 1
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}
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// pop_back removes the last element of the linked list
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) pop_back() ?T {
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if list.is_empty() {
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return error('Linked list is empty')
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}
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defer {
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list.len -= 1
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}
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if list.len == 1 {
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// head == tail
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value := list.tail.data
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list.head = voidptr(0)
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list.tail = voidptr(0)
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return value
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}
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value := list.tail.data
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list.tail.prev.next = voidptr(0) // unlink tail
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list.tail = list.tail.prev
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return value
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}
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// pop_front removes the last element of the linked list
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) pop_front() ?T {
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if list.is_empty() {
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return error('Linked list is empty')
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}
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defer {
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list.len -= 1
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}
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if list.len == 1 {
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// head == tail
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value := list.head.data
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list.head = voidptr(0)
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list.tail = voidptr(0)
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return value
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}
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value := list.head.data
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list.head.next.prev = voidptr(0) // unlink head
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list.head = list.head.next
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return value
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}
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// insert adds an element to the linked list at the given index
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) insert(idx int, item T) ? {
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if idx < 0 || idx > list.len {
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return error('Index out of bounds')
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} else if idx == 0 {
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// new head
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list.push_front(item)
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} else if idx == list.len {
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// new tail
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list.push_back(item)
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} else if idx <= list.len / 2 {
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list.insert_front(idx, item)
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} else {
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list.insert_back(idx, item)
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}
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}
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// insert_back walks from the tail and inserts a new item at index idx
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// (determined from the forward index). This function should be called
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// when idx > list.len/2. This helper function assumes idx bounds have
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// already been checked and idx is not at the edges.
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fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) insert_back(idx int, item T) {
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mut node := list.node(idx + 1)
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mut prev := node.prev
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// prev node
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// ------ ------
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// |next|---->|next|
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// |prev|<----|prev|
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// ------ ------
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new := &DoublyListNode{
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data: item
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next: node
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prev: prev
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}
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// prev new node
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// ------ ------ ------
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// |next|---->|next|---->|next|
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// |prev|<----|prev|<----|prev|
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// ------ ------ ------
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node.prev = new
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prev.next = new
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list.len += 1
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}
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// insert_front walks from the head and inserts a new item at index idx
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// (determined from the forward index). This function should be called
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// when idx <= list.len/2. This helper function assumes idx bounds have
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// already been checked and idx is not at the edges.
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fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) insert_front(idx int, item T) {
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mut node := list.node(idx - 1)
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mut next := node.next
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// node next
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// ------ ------
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// |next|---->|next|
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// |prev|<----|prev|
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// ------ ------
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new := &DoublyListNode{
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data: item
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next: next
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prev: node
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}
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// node new next
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// ------ ------ ------
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// |next|---->|next|---->|next|
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// |prev|<----|prev|<----|prev|
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// ------ ------ ------
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node.next = new
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next.prev = new
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list.len += 1
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}
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// node walks from the head or tail and finds the node at index idx.
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// This helper function assumes the list is not empty and idx is in
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// bounds.
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fn (list &DoublyLinkedList<T>) node(idx int) &DoublyListNode<T> {
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if idx <= list.len / 2 {
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mut node := list.head
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for h := 0; h < idx; h += 1 {
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node = node.next
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}
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return node
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}
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mut node := list.tail
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for t := list.len - 1; t >= idx; t -= 1 {
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node = node.prev
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}
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return node
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}
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// index searches the linked list for item and returns the forward index
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// or none if not found.
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pub fn (list &DoublyLinkedList<T>) index(item T) ?int {
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mut hn := list.head
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mut tn := list.tail
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for h, t := 0, list.len - 1; h <= t; {
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if hn.data == item {
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return h
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} else if tn.data == item {
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return t
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}
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h += 1
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hn = hn.next
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t -= 1
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tn = tn.prev
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}
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return none
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}
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// delete removes index idx from the linked list and is safe to call
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// for any idx.
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) delete(idx int) {
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if idx < 0 || idx >= list.len {
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return
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} else if idx == 0 {
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list.pop_front() or {}
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return
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} else if idx == list.len - 1 {
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list.pop_back() or {}
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return
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}
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// node should be somewhere in the middle
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mut node := list.node(idx)
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node.prev.next = node.next
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node.next.prev = node.prev
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list.len -= 1
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}
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// str returns a string representation of the linked list
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pub fn (list DoublyLinkedList<T>) str() string {
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mut result_array := []T{}
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mut node := list.head
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for node != 0 {
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result_array << node.data
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node = node.next
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}
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return result_array.str()
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}
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// next implements the iter interface to use DoublyLinkedList with
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// V's for loop syntax.
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pub fn (mut list DoublyLinkedList<T>) next() ?T {
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if list.iter == voidptr(0) {
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// initialize new iter object
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list.iter = &DoublyListIter<T>{
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node: list.head
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}
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return list.next()
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}
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if list.iter.node == voidptr(0) {
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list.iter = voidptr(0)
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return none
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}
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defer {
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list.iter.node = list.iter.node.next
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}
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return list.iter.node.data
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}
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struct DoublyListIter<T> {
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mut:
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node &DoublyListNode<T> = 0
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}
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160
vlib/adt/doubly_linked_list_test.v
Normal file
160
vlib/adt/doubly_linked_list_test.v
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
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module adt
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fn test_is_empty() {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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assert list.is_empty() == true
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list.push_back(1)
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assert list.is_empty() == false
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}
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fn test_len() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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assert list.len() == 0
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list.push_back(1)
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assert list.len() == 1
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list.pop_back() ?
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assert list.len() == 0
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}
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fn test_first() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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assert list.first() ? == 1
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list.push_back(2)
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assert list.first() ? == 1
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list = DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.first() or { return }
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assert false
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}
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fn test_last() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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assert list.last() ? == 1
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list.push_back(2)
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assert list.last() ? == 2
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list = DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.last() or { return }
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assert false
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}
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fn test_push() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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assert list.last() ? == 1
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list.push_back(2)
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assert list.last() ? == 2
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list.push_back(3)
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assert list.last() ? == 3
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}
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fn test_pop() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.push_back(3)
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assert list.pop_back() ? == 3
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list.push_back(4)
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assert list.pop_back() ? == 4
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assert list.pop_back() ? == 2
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list = DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.pop_back() or { return }
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assert false
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}
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fn test_pop_front() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.push_back(3)
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assert list.pop_front() ? == 1
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list.push_back(4)
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assert list.pop_front() ? == 2
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assert list.pop_front() ? == 3
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list = DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.pop_front() or { return }
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assert false
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}
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fn test_insert() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.push_back(3)
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// [1, 2, 3]
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list.insert(1, 111) ?
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// [1, 111, 2, 3]
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list.insert(3, 222) ?
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// [1, 111, 2, 222, 3]
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assert list.pop_back() ? == 3
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assert list.pop_back() ? == 222
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assert list.pop_front() ? == 1
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assert list.pop_front() ? == 111
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}
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fn test_push_front() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.push_back(3)
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list.push_front(111)
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assert list.first() ? == 111
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}
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fn test_delete() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(0)
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.delete(1)
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assert list.first() ? == 0
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assert list.last() ? == 2
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assert list.len() == 2
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list.delete(1)
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assert list.first() ? == 0
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assert list.last() ? == 0
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assert list.len() == 1
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list.delete(0)
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assert list.len() == 0
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}
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fn test_iter() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
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list.push_back(i * 10)
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}
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mut count := 0
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for i, v in list {
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count += 1
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assert int(i * 10) == v
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}
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assert count == 10
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// test it gets reset
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count = 0
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for i, v in list {
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count += 1
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assert int(i * 10) == v
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}
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assert count == 10
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}
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fn test_index() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
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list.push_back(i * 10)
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}
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for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
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assert list.index(i * 10) ? == i
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}
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}
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fn test_str() ? {
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mut list := DoublyLinkedList<int>{}
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list.push_back(1)
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list.push_back(2)
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list.push_back(3)
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assert list.str() == '[1, 2, 3]'
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}
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